chore(release): publish v6.0.1-251

Grant-plane coherence (Android 16 incl.), Google Wallet + fingerprint
compatibility (PR #26/#27), and removal of the in-module PIF/bulletin
resolvers. Frozen at gitCommitCount 251.

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -149,3 +149,21 @@ jobs:
         env:
           VER: ${{ steps.ver.outputs.version }}
           GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+
+      - name: Bump update.json
+        run: |
+          COUNT=$(git rev-list HEAD --count)
+          RELEASE_NAME=$(basename zips/*Release*.zip)
+          ZIP_URL="https://github.com/${{ github.repository }}/releases/download/${VER}/${RELEASE_NAME}"
+          jq ".versionCode = $COUNT | .zipUrl = \"$ZIP_URL\"" module/update.json > /tmp/update.json
+          mv /tmp/update.json module/update.json
+          git config user.name "github-actions[bot]"
+          git config user.email "41898282+github-actions[bot]@users.noreply.github.com"
+          git add module/update.json
+          git diff --cached --quiet || {
+            git commit -m "chore(release): bump update.json to $VER [skip ci]"
+            git push origin HEAD:main
+          }
+        env:
+          VER: ${{ steps.ver.outputs.version }}
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

app/build.gradle.kts

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import com.android.build.api.artifact.SingleArtifact
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
 import javax.inject.Inject
 import org.gradle.process.ExecOperations
+import org.jetbrains.kotlin.gradle.dsl.JvmTarget
 
 plugins {
     alias(libs.plugins.android.application)
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ val gitExecutor = objects.newInstance(GitExecutor::class.java)
 
 val gitCommitCount = gitExecutor.execute("git rev-list HEAD --count", rootDir).toInt()
 val gitCommitHash = gitExecutor.execute("git rev-parse --verify --short HEAD", rootDir)
-val verName = "v6.0.0"
+val verName = "v6.0.1"
 
 android {
     namespace = "org.matrix.TEESimulator"
@@ -65,6 +66,12 @@ android {
     }
 }
 
+kotlin {
+    compilerOptions {
+        jvmTarget.set(JvmTarget.JVM_21)
+    }
+}
+
 dependencies {
     compileOnly(project(":stub"))
     compileOnly(libs.annotation)
@@ -91,6 +98,7 @@ val buildRustCertgen by tasks.registering(Exec::class) {
     outputs.dir(rootProject.projectDir.resolve("app/src/main/jniLibs"))
 
     environment("ANDROID_NDK_HOME", android.ndkDirectory.absolutePath)
+    environment("PATH", "${System.getProperty("user.home")}/.cargo/bin:${System.getenv("PATH") ?: ""}")
 }
 
 // AGP auto-detects jniLibs/ as an input to mergeJniLibFolders — wire the dependency
@@ -100,6 +108,34 @@ tasks.configureEach {
     }
 }
 
+// Auto-rewrite module/update.json on every packaging build so versionCode and
+// zipUrl track gitCommitCount automatically, matching module.prop.
+val refreshUpdateJson by tasks.registering {
+    group = "TEESimulator-RS Module Packaging"
+    description = "Rewrite module/update.json to match current verName and gitCommitCount."
+
+    val updateJsonFile = rootProject.projectDir.resolve("module/update.json")
+    val capturedVerName = verName
+    val capturedCount = gitCommitCount
+
+    inputs.property("verName", capturedVerName)
+    inputs.property("gitCommitCount", capturedCount)
+    outputs.file(updateJsonFile)
+
+    doLast {
+        val fullVer = "$capturedVerName-$capturedCount"
+        updateJsonFile.writeText(
+            """{
+  "version": "$fullVer",
+  "versionCode": $capturedCount,
+  "zipUrl": "https://github.com/Enginex0/TEESimulator-RS/releases/download/$fullVer/TEESimulator-RS-$fullVer-Release.zip",
+  "changelog": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Enginex0/TEESimulator-RS/main/module/changelog.md"
+}
+"""
+        )
+    }
+}
+
 androidComponents {
     onVariants(selector().all()) { variant ->
         val capitalized = variant.name.replaceFirstChar { it.uppercase() }
@@ -124,6 +160,7 @@ androidComponents {
                     dependsOn("strip${capitalized}DebugSymbols")
                 }
                 dependsOn(buildRustCertgen)
+                dependsOn(refreshUpdateJson)
 
                 if (isDebug) {
                     from(variant.artifacts.get(SingleArtifact.APK)) {

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/App.kt

@@ -6,8 +6,10 @@ import android.content.Context
 import android.content.ContextWrapper
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.Looper
+import java.io.File
 import java.security.Security
 import org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.config.BootStateManager
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.config.ConfigurationManager
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.AbstractKeystoreInterceptor
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.Keystore2Interceptor
@@ -38,12 +40,19 @@ object App {
         }
 
         try {
+            purgeDebugDiagnostics()
             prepareEnvironment()
-            // Initialize and start the appropriate keystore interceptors.
-            initializeInterceptors()
+
+            // Spoof boot-state props before any hook attaches, so keystore2's
+            // cached snapshot reflects the spoofed values.
+            BootStateManager.apply()
 
             // Load the package configuration.
             ConfigurationManager.initialize()
+
+            // Initialize and start the appropriate keystore interceptors.
+            initializeInterceptors()
+
             // Set up the device's boot key and hash, which are crucial for attestation.
             AndroidDeviceUtils.setupBootKeyAndHash()
 
@@ -64,6 +73,25 @@ object App {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Release builds never emit diagnostics. Sweep any `.bin` dumps a prior
+     * debug install left in the world-readable temp dir so they can't act as a
+     * detection artifact for apps that probe /data/local/tmp.
+     */
+    private fun purgeDebugDiagnostics() {
+        if (SystemLogger.isDebugBuild) return
+        val stale =
+            File("/data/local/tmp").listFiles { _, name ->
+                name.startsWith("teesim-") && name.endsWith(".bin")
+            } ?: return
+        stale.forEach { runCatching { it.delete() } }
+        if (stale.isNotEmpty()) {
+            // warning() bypasses the rate limiter, so this once-per-boot audit
+            // line survives the noisy startup window.
+            SystemLogger.warning("Purged ${stale.size} stale debug diagnostic(s) from /data/local/tmp")
+        }
+    }
+
     /** Initializes the necessary Android framework internals to satisfy KeyStore requirements. */
     private fun prepareEnvironment() {
         // 1. Prepare Main Looper

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/attestation/DeviceAttestationService.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 package org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation
 
 import android.annotation.SuppressLint
+import android.os.Build
 import android.security.keystore.KeyGenParameterSpec
 import android.security.keystore.KeyProperties
 import java.security.KeyPairGenerator
@@ -60,12 +61,23 @@ object DeviceAttestationService {
     // A unique alias for the key used to perform the TEE functionality check.
     private const val TEE_CHECK_KEY_ALIAS = "TEESimulator_AttestationCheck"
 
+    // Alias for the device-ID attestation capability probe.
+    private const val DEVICE_ID_CHECK_KEY_ALIAS = "TEESimulator_DeviceIdCheck"
+
     /**
      * Lazily determines if the device's TEE is functional by attempting to generate an
      * attestation-backed key pair. The result is cached.
      */
     val isTeeFunctional: Boolean by lazy { checkTeeFunctionality() }
 
+    /**
+     * Lazily mirrors whether the real TEE can attest device identifiers/properties (the tags added
+     * by `setDevicePropertiesAttestationIncluded`). Hardware that never provisioned device IDs
+     * returns CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS; the synthesizer consults this so it never forges a capability the
+     * real silicon lacks. Cached.
+     */
+    val canAttestDeviceIds: Boolean by lazy { checkDeviceIdAttestation() }
+
     /**
      * Lazily fetches and parses attestation data from a genuinely generated certificate. The result
      * is cached. Returns null if the TEE is not functional or parsing fails.
@@ -106,6 +118,37 @@ object DeviceAttestationService {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Probes whether the real TEE can satisfy device-ID/property attestation, mirroring its actual
+     * capability. Gated behind [isTeeFunctional] so a dead TEE never triggers a second doomed
+     * probe — it simply reports `false` (cannot attest), the faithful result for such hardware.
+     */
+    private fun checkDeviceIdAttestation(): Boolean {
+        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.S) return false
+        if (!isTeeFunctional) return false
+        return try {
+            val keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance("AndroidKeyStore").apply { load(null) }
+            val keyPairGenerator =
+                KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(KeyProperties.KEY_ALGORITHM_EC, "AndroidKeyStore")
+            val challenge = ByteArray(16).apply { SecureRandom().nextBytes(this) }
+            val spec =
+                KeyGenParameterSpec.Builder(DEVICE_ID_CHECK_KEY_ALIAS, KeyProperties.PURPOSE_SIGN)
+                    .setAlgorithmParameterSpec(ECGenParameterSpec("secp256r1"))
+                    .setDigests(KeyProperties.DIGEST_SHA256)
+                    .setAttestationChallenge(challenge)
+                    .setDevicePropertiesAttestationIncluded(true)
+                    .build()
+            keyPairGenerator.initialize(spec)
+            keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair()
+            runCatching { keyStore.deleteEntry(DEVICE_ID_CHECK_KEY_ALIAS) }
+            SystemLogger.info("Device-ID attestation supported by TEE.")
+            true
+        } catch (_: Exception) {
+            SystemLogger.info("Device-ID attestation not supported by TEE; mirroring as cannot-attest.")
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Retrieves the attestation certificate generated during the TEE check. The key entry is
      * deleted after retrieval to clean up.

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/config/BootStateManager.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package org.matrix.TEESimulator.config
+
+import android.os.SystemProperties
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.logging.SystemLogger
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.util.AndroidDeviceUtils
+
+object BootStateManager {
+    private val targets =
+        linkedMapOf(
+            "ro.boot.verifiedbootstate" to "green",
+            "ro.boot.flash.locked" to "1",
+            "ro.boot.veritymode" to "enforcing",
+            "ro.boot.vbmeta.device_state" to "locked",
+        )
+
+    private val fillIfAbsent =
+        linkedMapOf(
+            "ro.boot.vbmeta.invalidate_on_error" to "yes",
+            "ro.boot.vbmeta.avb_version" to "1.2",
+            "ro.boot.vbmeta.hash_alg" to "sha256",
+            "ro.boot.vbmeta.size" to "11904",
+        )
+
+    fun apply() {
+        for ((name, target) in targets) {
+            val current = SystemProperties.get(name, "")
+            if (current.isEmpty()) {
+                SystemLogger.debug("BootStateManager: $name absent on this device, skip")
+                continue
+            }
+            if (current == target) {
+                SystemLogger.debug("BootStateManager: $name already $target, skip")
+                continue
+            }
+            SystemLogger.info("BootStateManager: setting $name=$target (was: '$current')")
+            AndroidDeviceUtils.setProperty(name, target)
+        }
+        for ((name, value) in fillIfAbsent) {
+            val current = SystemProperties.get(name, "")
+            if (current.isNotEmpty()) {
+                SystemLogger.debug("BootStateManager: $name already '$current', skip")
+                continue
+            }
+            SystemLogger.info("BootStateManager: filling absent $name=$value")
+            AndroidDeviceUtils.setProperty(name, value)
+        }
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/config/ConfigurationManager.kt

@@ -93,7 +93,16 @@ object ConfigurationManager {
 
     fun shouldSkipUid(uid: Int): Boolean = getPackageModeForUid(uid) == null
 
-    fun isAutoMode(uid: Int): Boolean = getPackageModeForUid(uid) == Mode.AUTO
+    fun isAutoMode(uid: Int): Boolean {
+        for (pkg in getPackagesForUid(uid)) {
+            when (packageModes[pkg]) {
+                Mode.GENERATE, Mode.PATCH -> return false
+                Mode.AUTO -> return true
+                null -> continue
+            }
+        }
+        return false
+    }
 
     private fun getPackageModeForUid(uid: Int): Mode? {
         val packages = getPackagesForUid(uid)
@@ -297,10 +306,15 @@ object ConfigurationManager {
                         )
                         KeyBoxManager.invalidateCache(path)
                         if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT > Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
-                            // Clear cached keys possibly containing old certificates
+                            // Drop only the patched cert chains so the next
+                            // attestation request re-signs with the new keybox.
+                            // Do NOT drop generatedKeys — that would destroy
+                            // every alias/private key in memory and on disk,
+                            // logging users out of any app that pinned a
+                            // persisted keystore alias.
                             org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.shim
                                 .KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor
-                                .clearAllGeneratedKeys("updating $file")
+                                .invalidatePatchedChains("updating $file")
                         }
                     }
             }

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/InterceptorUtils.kt

@@ -19,10 +19,27 @@ object InterceptorUtils {
 
     private const val EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC = -8
 
+    private fun synthesizeSseMessage(errorCode: Int): String =
+        when (errorCode) {
+            2 -> "Error::Rc(SYSTEM_ERROR)"
+            4 -> "Error::Rc(PERMISSION_DENIED)"
+            6 -> "Error::Rc(VALUE_CORRUPTED)"
+            7 -> "Error::Rc(KEY_NOT_FOUND)"
+            10 -> "Error::Rc(BACKEND_BUSY)"
+            -3 -> "Error::Km(UNSUPPORTED_KEY_SIZE)"
+            -6 -> "Error::Km(INCOMPATIBLE_PURPOSE)"
+            -7 -> "Error::Km(INCOMPATIBLE_ALGORITHM)"
+            -29 -> "Error::Km(TOO_MANY_OPERATIONS)"
+            -49 -> "Error::Km(UNSUPPORTED_TAG)"
+            -75 -> "Error::Km(INVALID_INPUT_LENGTH)"
+            -76 -> "Error::Km(INVALID_TAG)"
+            else -> if (errorCode > 0) "Error::Rc($errorCode)" else "Error::Km($errorCode)"
+        }
+
     fun createErrorReply(errorCode: Int): BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply {
         val parcel = Parcel.obtain().apply {
             writeInt(EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC)
-            writeString(null)
+            writeString(synthesizeSseMessage(errorCode))
             writeInt(0) // empty remote stack trace header (AOSP Status.cpp:196)
             writeInt(errorCode)
         }
@@ -99,12 +116,21 @@ object InterceptorUtils {
     fun <T : Parcelable?> createTypedObjectReply(
         obj: T,
         flags: Int = 0,
+        diagnosticTag: String? = null,
     ): BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply {
         val parcel =
             Parcel.obtain().apply {
                 writeNoException()
                 writeTypedObject(obj, flags)
             }
+        if (diagnosticTag != null && SystemLogger.isDebugBuild) {
+            val savedPos = parcel.dataPosition()
+            val wire = parcel.marshall()
+            parcel.setDataPosition(savedPos)
+            val path = "/data/local/tmp/teesim-$diagnosticTag.bin"
+            runCatching { java.io.File(path).writeBytes(wire) }
+            SystemLogger.debug("[$diagnosticTag] reply len=${wire.size} path=$path")
+        }
         return BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply(parcel)
     }
 
@@ -132,12 +158,25 @@ object InterceptorUtils {
 
     fun createServiceSpecificErrorReply(
         errorCode: Int
-    ): BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply {
-        val parcel =
-            Parcel.obtain().apply {
-                writeException(android.os.ServiceSpecificException(errorCode))
+    ): BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply = createErrorReply(errorCode)
+
+    fun normalizeServiceSpecificReply(reply: Parcel): Parcel? {
+        reply.setDataPosition(0)
+        if (reply.readInt() != EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC) {
+            reply.setDataPosition(0)
+            return null
+        }
+        // Advance position past message and stack header to reach errorCode.
+        reply.readString()
+        reply.readInt()
+        val errorCode = reply.readInt()
+        reply.setDataPosition(0)
+        return Parcel.obtain().apply {
+            writeInt(EX_SERVICE_SPECIFIC)
+            writeString(synthesizeSseMessage(errorCode))
+            writeInt(0)
+            writeInt(errorCode)
         }
-        return BinderInterceptor.TransactionResult.OverrideReply(parcel)
     }
 
     fun patchAuthorizations(

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/Keystore2Interceptor.kt

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import android.hardware.security.keymint.SecurityLevel
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.IBinder
 import android.os.Parcel
+import android.os.ServiceManager
 import android.system.keystore2.Domain
 import android.system.keystore2.IKeystoreService
 import android.system.keystore2.KeyDescriptor
@@ -48,6 +49,8 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
         else null
     private val GET_NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES_TRANSACTION =
         InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubBinderClass, "getNumberOfEntries")
+    private val GRANT_TRANSACTION = InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubBinderClass, "grant")
+    private val UNGRANT_TRANSACTION = InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubBinderClass, "ungrant")
 
     private val transactionNames: Map<Int, String> by lazy {
         stubBinderClass.declaredFields
@@ -59,9 +62,21 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
     }
 
     private const val RESPONSE_KEY_NOT_FOUND = 7
+    private const val RESPONSE_PERMISSION_DENIED = 6
+
+    // KeyStoreManager.grantKeyAccess() became a public app API in Android 16 (API 36). Before that,
+    // grant was a hidden API and SELinux denied untrusted_app, so a synthetic-key grant must answer
+    // PERMISSION_DENIED pre-36 and a coherent virtualized grant on 36+.
+    private const val GRANT_PUBLIC_API_SDK = 36
     private val deletedSoftwareKeys: MutableSet<KeyIdentifier> = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet()
     private val userUpdatedKeys = ConcurrentHashMap.newKeySet<KeyIdentifier>()
 
+    fun forgetDeletedKey(keyId: KeyIdentifier) {
+        if (deletedSoftwareKeys.remove(keyId)) {
+            SystemLogger.debug("Cleared deletion marker for ${keyId.alias}")
+        }
+    }
+
     override val serviceName = "android.system.keystore2.IKeystoreService/default"
     override val processName = "keystore2"
     override val injectionCommand = "exec ./inject `pidof keystore2` libTEESimulator.so entry"
@@ -74,6 +89,8 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
                 LIST_ENTRIES_TRANSACTION,
                 LIST_ENTRIES_BATCHED_TRANSACTION,
                 GET_NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES_TRANSACTION,
+                GRANT_TRANSACTION,
+                UNGRANT_TRANSACTION,
             )
             .toIntArray()
     }
@@ -85,6 +102,27 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
     override fun onInterceptorReady(service: IBinder, backdoor: IBinder) {
         val keystoreInterface = IKeystoreService.Stub.asInterface(service)
         setupSecurityLevelInterceptors(keystoreInterface, backdoor)
+        setupMaintenanceInterceptor(backdoor)
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Hooks the keystore2 daemon's `android.security.maintenance` binder, which is hosted by the
+     * same process, so synthetic key state follows real key-lifecycle events. Best-effort: if the
+     * service is absent the synthetic plane simply forgoes lifecycle parity.
+     */
+    private fun setupMaintenanceInterceptor(backdoor: IBinder) {
+        runCatching {
+                ServiceManager.getService("android.security.maintenance")?.let { maintenance ->
+                    SystemLogger.info("Found maintenance binder. Registering interceptor...")
+                    register(
+                        backdoor,
+                        maintenance,
+                        Keystore2MaintenanceInterceptor,
+                        Keystore2MaintenanceInterceptor.interceptedCodes,
+                    )
+                } ?: SystemLogger.warning("Maintenance binder not found; skipping lifecycle parity.")
+            }
+            .onFailure { SystemLogger.error("Failed to intercept maintenance binder.", it) }
     }
 
     private fun setupSecurityLevelInterceptors(service: IKeystoreService, backdoor: IBinder) {
@@ -169,17 +207,46 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
         ) {
             logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code]!!, callingUid, callingPid)
 
+            if (code == UPDATE_SUBCOMPONENT_TRANSACTION) {
                 if (ConfigurationManager.shouldSkipUid(callingUid))
                     return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
-
-            if (code == UPDATE_SUBCOMPONENT_TRANSACTION)
                 return handleUpdateSubcomponent(callingUid, data)
+            }
 
             data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreService.DESCRIPTOR)
             val descriptor =
                 data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
                     ?: return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
 
+            // Domain.GRANT read (Android 16+ KeyStoreManager grant). Served for ANY grantee uid —
+            // including isolated services (bindIsolatedService) with no package mapping — so resolve
+            // it before the package-scoped skip; caller-binding in resolveGrant() is the real access
+            // gate. On Android <= 15 no grants are ever issued (grant() denies), so softwareGrants is
+            // empty and this falls through to the real keystore2.
+            if (code == GET_KEY_ENTRY_TRANSACTION && descriptor.domain == Domain.GRANT) {
+                val grant =
+                    KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.resolveGrant(descriptor.nspace, callingUid)
+                if (grant == null) {
+                    // Ours but wrong caller -> KEY_NOT_FOUND (caller-binding); not ours -> real keystore2.
+                    return if (
+                        KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.softwareGrants.containsKey(descriptor.nspace)
+                    )
+                        InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(RESPONSE_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
+                    else TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+                }
+                if ((grant.accessVector and 0x4) == 0) { // GET_INFO = 0x4 (access-vector gate)
+                    return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(RESPONSE_PERMISSION_DENIED)
+                }
+                val response =
+                    KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.getGeneratedKeyResponse(grant.ownerKeyId)
+                        ?: return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(RESPONSE_KEY_NOT_FOUND)
+                // Same object the owner read returns -> coherent chain across planes.
+                return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(response)
+            }
+
+            if (ConfigurationManager.shouldSkipUid(callingUid))
+                return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+
             if (code == DELETE_KEY_TRANSACTION) {
                 val keyId =
                     if (descriptor.alias != null) {
@@ -210,6 +277,39 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
             }
 
             if (descriptor.alias == null) {
+                if (descriptor.domain == Domain.KEY_ID) {
+                    // The probe pipeline (and some AOSP callers) switch follow-up
+                    // operations to KEY_ID semantics after generateKey returns a
+                    // KEY_ID descriptor. Without this branch, our software keys
+                    // are invisible to KEY_ID-based getKeyEntry calls and the
+                    // request falls through to the real keystore2 daemon, which
+                    // legitimately responds with KEY_NOT_FOUND. Duck Detector's
+                    // TimingSideChannelProbe captures that exception during its
+                    // warmup phase and surfaces it as
+                    // "Captured private binder exception during timing skip".
+                    // Resolving by KEY_ID and returning the cached response keeps
+                    // the call on the happy path, eliminating the warmup signal.
+                    val info = KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.findGeneratedKeyByKeyId(
+                        callingUid, descriptor.nspace
+                    )
+                    if (info?.response != null) {
+                        SystemLogger.info(
+                            "[TX_ID: $txId] Found generated response via KEY_ID nspace=${descriptor.nspace}"
+                        )
+                        return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(info.response)
+                    }
+                    val teeResp = KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.findTeeResponseByKeyId(
+                        callingUid, descriptor.nspace
+                    )
+                    if (teeResp != null) {
+                        SystemLogger.info(
+                            "[TX_ID: $txId] Found TEE response via KEY_ID nspace=${descriptor.nspace}"
+                        )
+                        return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(teeResp)
+                    }
+                }
+                // Domain.GRANT is handled earlier (before the package-scoped skip); an alias-less
+                // read reaching here is KEY_ID or unknown, so it falls through to the real keystore2.
                 return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
             }
             val keyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, descriptor.alias)
@@ -231,6 +331,57 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
                 KeyMintParameterLogger.logParameter(it.keyParameter)
             }
             return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(response)
+        } else if (code == GRANT_TRANSACTION) {
+            logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code] ?: "grant", callingUid, callingPid)
+            data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreService.DESCRIPTOR)
+            val key =
+                data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
+                    ?: return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+            val granteeUid = data.readInt()
+            val accessVector = data.readInt()
+            // Synthetic (generatedKeys) AND patch-mode (teeResponses) keys are ours; both must grant
+            // coherently so the Domain.GRANT readback returns the same chain the owner read returns.
+            // Real hardware keys fall through to the real keystore2, which applies the same SELinux
+            // gate the platform would.
+            val ownerKeyId =
+                resolveOwnerKeyId(key, callingUid)
+                    ?.takeIf { KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.ownsKeyResponse(it) }
+                    ?: return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+            // Version-gated to mirror the real TEE 1:1. Pre-Android-16, grant was a hidden API and
+            // SELinux denied untrusted_app, so keystore2 returns PERMISSION_DENIED. Android 16
+            // (API 36) exposes KeyStoreManager.grantKeyAccess(), so an app grants its own key:
+            // issue a coherent, caller-bound, access-vector-carrying grant whose Domain.GRANT read
+            // returns the owner's chain.
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < GRANT_PUBLIC_API_SDK) {
+                return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(RESPONSE_PERMISSION_DENIED)
+            }
+            val grantId =
+                KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.issueGrant(ownerKeyId, granteeUid, accessVector)
+            val reply =
+                KeyDescriptor().apply {
+                    domain = Domain.GRANT
+                    nspace = grantId
+                    alias = null
+                    blob = null
+                }
+            return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(reply)
+        } else if (code == UNGRANT_TRANSACTION) {
+            logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code] ?: "ungrant", callingUid, callingPid)
+            data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreService.DESCRIPTOR)
+            val key =
+                data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
+                    ?: return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+            val granteeUid = data.readInt()
+            val ownerKeyId =
+                resolveOwnerKeyId(key, callingUid)
+                    ?.takeIf { KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.ownsKeyResponse(it) }
+                    ?: return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+            // Same version gate as grant(): denied pre-36, revoke the virtualized grant on 36+.
+            if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < GRANT_PUBLIC_API_SDK) {
+                return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(RESPONSE_PERMISSION_DENIED)
+            }
+            KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.revokeGrant(ownerKeyId, granteeUid)
+            return InterceptorUtils.createSuccessReply(writeResultCode = false)
         } else {
             logTransaction(
                 txId,
@@ -256,8 +407,12 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
         reply: Parcel?,
         resultCode: Int,
     ): TransactionResult {
-        if (target != keystoreService || reply == null || InterceptorUtils.hasException(reply))
-            return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
+        if (target != keystoreService || reply == null) return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
+        if (InterceptorUtils.hasException(reply)) {
+            val normalized = InterceptorUtils.normalizeServiceSpecificReply(reply)
+            return if (normalized != null) TransactionResult.OverrideReply(normalized)
+            else TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
+        }
 
         if (code == GET_NUMBER_OF_ENTRIES_TRANSACTION) {
             logTransaction(txId, "post-${transactionNames[code]!!}", callingUid, callingPid)
@@ -387,9 +542,24 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
                             )
                         KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.attestationKeys.add(keyId)
 
+                        // Snapshot metadata bytes for the same reason as the
+                        // primary doSoftwareKeyGen path — loss-less restore
+                        // after reboot.
+                        val metadataBytesForPersist = response.metadata?.let { md ->
+                            runCatching {
+                                val parcel = android.os.Parcel.obtain()
+                                try {
+                                    md.writeToParcel(parcel, 0)
+                                    parcel.marshall()
+                                } finally {
+                                    parcel.recycle()
+                                }
+                            }.getOrNull()
+                        }
                         GeneratedKeyPersistence.save(
                             keyId = keyId,
                             keyPair = keyData.first,
+                            secretKey = null,
                             nspace = newNspace,
                             securityLevel = response.metadata.keySecurityLevel,
                             certChain = keyData.second,
@@ -399,6 +569,7 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
                             purposes = parsedParameters.purpose,
                             digests = parsedParameters.digest,
                             isAttestationKey = true,
+                            metadataBytes = metadataBytesForPersist,
                         )
 
                         return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(response)
@@ -451,6 +622,24 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
         return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Resolves the owner [KeyIdentifier] a grant/ungrant call targets. APP/alias keys map
+     * directly; KEY_ID keys are looked up by nspace (mirrors the deleteKey resolver). Returns
+     * null for anything not addressable, so callers fall through to the real keystore2.
+     */
+    private fun resolveOwnerKeyId(descriptor: KeyDescriptor, callingUid: Int): KeyIdentifier? =
+        when {
+            descriptor.alias != null -> KeyIdentifier(callingUid, descriptor.alias)
+            descriptor.domain == Domain.KEY_ID ->
+                KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.findGeneratedKeyByKeyId(callingUid, descriptor.nspace)
+                    ?.let { info ->
+                        KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.generatedKeys.entries
+                            .firstOrNull { it.value.nspace == info.nspace && it.key.uid == callingUid }
+                            ?.key
+                    }
+            else -> null
+        }
+
     private fun handleUpdateSubcomponent(callingUid: Int, data: Parcel): TransactionResult {
         data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreService.DESCRIPTOR)
         val descriptor = data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
@@ -470,6 +659,18 @@ object Keystore2Interceptor : AbstractKeystoreInterceptor() {
             }
 
         if (generatedKeyInfo == null) {
+            // Patch-mode key (cached in teeResponses, not generatedKeys): the real keystore2 applies
+            // the update, so drop our stale cached chain. Otherwise getKeyEntry replays the
+            // pre-update generated attestation (duck STALE_TEE_RESPONSE_AFTER_KEY_ID_UPDATE).
+            when (descriptor.domain) {
+                Domain.KEY_ID ->
+                    KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.evictTeeResponseByKeyId(callingUid, descriptor.nspace)
+                Domain.APP ->
+                    descriptor.alias?.let {
+                        KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.evictTeeResponse(KeyIdentifier(callingUid, it))
+                    }
+                else -> {}
+            }
             descriptor.alias?.let {
                 val kid = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, it)
                 userUpdatedKeys.add(kid)

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/Keystore2MaintenanceInterceptor.kt

@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+package org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore
+
+import android.os.IBinder
+import android.os.Parcel
+import android.security.maintenance.IKeystoreMaintenance
+import android.system.keystore2.Domain
+import android.system.keystore2.KeyDescriptor
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.core.BinderInterceptor
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.shim.KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.logging.SystemLogger
+
+/**
+ * Intercepts the keystore2 daemon's `android.security.maintenance` binder so our synthetic key
+ * state follows the same lifecycle events the platform applies to real keys.
+ *
+ * This is a pure side-effect hook: every handled transaction mutates only our own synthetic state
+ * and then returns [TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost], so the real keystore2 still performs the
+ * real operation. We never fabricate a maintenance reply, so real key lifecycle is never disturbed.
+ *
+ * Mounted via `register()` from [Keystore2Interceptor.onInterceptorReady]; the maintenance binder is
+ * hosted by the same keystore2 process, so the already-injected native hook reaches it too.
+ */
+object Keystore2MaintenanceInterceptor : BinderInterceptor() {
+    private val stubClass = IKeystoreMaintenance.Stub::class.java
+
+    private val CLEAR_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION =
+        InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubClass, "clearNamespace")
+    private val DELETE_ALL_KEYS_TRANSACTION =
+        InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubClass, "deleteAllKeys")
+    private val MIGRATE_KEY_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION =
+        InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(stubClass, "migrateKeyNamespace")
+
+    /** Only the lifecycle transactions we mirror; unresolved codes (-1) are dropped. */
+    val interceptedCodes: IntArray by lazy {
+        listOf(
+                CLEAR_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION,
+                DELETE_ALL_KEYS_TRANSACTION,
+                MIGRATE_KEY_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION,
+            )
+            .filter { it != -1 }
+            .toIntArray()
+    }
+
+    override fun onPreTransact(
+        txId: Long,
+        target: IBinder,
+        code: Int,
+        flags: Int,
+        callingUid: Int,
+        callingPid: Int,
+        data: Parcel,
+    ): TransactionResult {
+        when (code) {
+            CLEAR_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION -> handleClearNamespace(data)
+            DELETE_ALL_KEYS_TRANSACTION ->
+                KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.clearAllGeneratedKeys("maintenance.deleteAllKeys")
+            MIGRATE_KEY_NAMESPACE_TRANSACTION -> handleMigrateKeyNamespace(data, callingUid)
+        }
+        // Always let the real keystore2 perform the real lifecycle operation.
+        return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+    }
+
+    private fun handleClearNamespace(data: Parcel) {
+        data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreMaintenance.DESCRIPTOR)
+        val domain = data.readInt()
+        val nspace = data.readLong()
+        // Only Domain.APP namespaces map to our per-uid synthetic keys; nspace is the app uid.
+        if (domain == Domain.APP) {
+            KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.clearNamespaceKeys(nspace.toInt())
+        }
+    }
+
+    private fun handleMigrateKeyNamespace(data: Parcel, callingUid: Int) {
+        data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreMaintenance.DESCRIPTOR)
+        val source = data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR) ?: return
+        val destination = data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR) ?: return
+        val srcId = resolveSyntheticKeyId(source, callingUid) ?: return
+        if (!KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.generatedKeys.containsKey(srcId)) return // not ours
+
+        val dstId = resolveDestinationKeyId(destination, callingUid)
+        if (dstId == null) {
+            // Migrated out of our trackable (Domain.APP/alias) space -> drop our shadow so reads
+            // fall through to the real keystore2, which now owns it at the new namespace.
+            KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.cleanupKeyData(srcId)
+        } else {
+            KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.migrateGeneratedKey(srcId, dstId)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /** Resolves a synthetic owner key from a source descriptor (Domain.APP alias or KEY_ID). */
+    private fun resolveSyntheticKeyId(descriptor: KeyDescriptor, callingUid: Int): KeyIdentifier? =
+        when {
+            descriptor.alias != null -> KeyIdentifier(callingUid, descriptor.alias)
+            descriptor.domain == Domain.KEY_ID ->
+                KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.generatedKeys.entries
+                    .firstOrNull { it.key.uid == callingUid && it.value.nspace == descriptor.nspace }
+                    ?.key
+            else -> null
+        }
+
+    /** Destination must be an addressable Domain.APP alias for us to keep tracking the key. */
+    private fun resolveDestinationKeyId(descriptor: KeyDescriptor, callingUid: Int): KeyIdentifier? {
+        val alias = descriptor.alias ?: return null
+        if (descriptor.domain != Domain.APP) return null
+        val uid = if (descriptor.nspace > 0) descriptor.nspace.toInt() else callingUid
+        return KeyIdentifier(uid, alias)
+    }
+}

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/shim/GeneratedKeyPersistence.kt

@@ -29,13 +29,47 @@ data class PersistedKeyData(
     val ecCurve: Int,
     val purposes: List<Int>,
     val digests: List<Int>,
+    /** PKCS#8-encoded private key for asymmetric records, empty for symmetric. */
     val privateKeyBytes: ByteArray,
     val certChainBytes: List<ByteArray>,
+    /**
+     * Byte-identical KeyMetadata parcel snapshot. Restoring authorizations
+     * directly from these bytes preserves tag count, order, and exact
+     * security-level annotations across reboots — the kind of structural
+     * details apps fingerprint to decide whether the alias is still
+     * "the same key".
+     */
+    val metadataBytes: ByteArray,
+    /**
+     * Raw secret material for symmetric records (AES, HMAC, 3DES). Empty
+     * for asymmetric. Critical for AndroidX security crypto MasterKey
+     * (AES-GCM-256) — without this every reboot regenerates a fresh AES
+     * key and EncryptedSharedPreferences becomes undecryptable, which is
+     * what banking apps interpret as session expiry and force a relogin.
+     */
+    val symmetricKeyBytes: ByteArray,
+    val symmetricAlgorithm: String,
 )
 
 object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
 
-    private const val FORMAT_VERSION = 1
+    /**
+     * Single source of truth for the on-disk format. Bump this every time
+     * the layout changes; older numbers are silently skipped on read so
+     * stale dev artifacts and pre-fix upstream files can't be partially
+     * rehydrated into broken in-memory state.
+     *
+     * History:
+     *   1 — original upstream layout (no metadata snapshot, no symmetric
+     *       block; restored keys lose authorization tags and AES master
+     *       keys altogether — apps relying on persisted keystore state
+     *       across reboots get logged out)
+     *   2 — transitional dev-only format that added metadata but still
+     *       missed the symmetric block; never shipped
+     *   3 — current: byte-identical KeyMetadata snapshot + raw symmetric
+     *       key material so AES/HMAC keys survive reboots
+     */
+    private const val FORMAT_VERSION = 3
     private val PERSISTENCE_DIR = File(CONFIG_PATH, "persistent_keys")
 
     // Per-filename locks to prevent concurrent writes to the same key file
@@ -47,7 +81,8 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
 
     fun save(
         keyId: KeyIdentifier,
-        keyPair: KeyPair,
+        keyPair: KeyPair?,
+        secretKey: javax.crypto.SecretKey?,
         nspace: Long,
         securityLevel: Int,
         certChain: List<Certificate>,
@@ -57,7 +92,11 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
         purposes: List<Int>,
         digests: List<Int>,
         isAttestationKey: Boolean,
+        metadataBytes: ByteArray? = null,
     ) {
+        require(keyPair != null || secretKey != null) {
+            "Either keyPair or secretKey must be provided"
+        }
         val filename = keyFileName(keyId.uid, keyId.alias)
         val lock = getLockForKey(filename)
         SystemLogger.debug("[Persistence] Acquiring lock for $filename")
@@ -87,7 +126,8 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
                         out.writeInt(digests.size)
                         digests.forEach { out.writeInt(it) }
 
-                        val pkBytes = keyPair.private.encoded
+                        // Asymmetric key block (empty for symmetric-only).
+                        val pkBytes = keyPair?.private?.encoded ?: ByteArray(0)
                         out.writeInt(pkBytes.size)
                         out.write(pkBytes)
 
@@ -97,6 +137,23 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
                             out.writeInt(encoded.size)
                             out.write(encoded)
                         }
+
+                        // Metadata snapshot (always present, may be empty
+                        // if the live KeyMetadata could not be marshalled).
+                        val mdBytes = metadataBytes ?: ByteArray(0)
+                        out.writeInt(mdBytes.size)
+                        if (mdBytes.isNotEmpty()) out.write(mdBytes)
+
+                        // Symmetric key block (empty for asymmetric keys).
+                        if (secretKey != null) {
+                            val skBytes = secretKey.encoded
+                            out.writeUTF(secretKey.algorithm)
+                            out.writeInt(skBytes.size)
+                            out.write(skBytes)
+                        } else {
+                            out.writeUTF("")
+                            out.writeInt(0)
+                        }
                     }
                 } catch (e: Exception) {
                     tmpFile.delete()
@@ -189,8 +246,17 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
                 DataInputStream(BufferedInputStream(FileInputStream(file))).use { input ->
                     val version = input.readInt()
                     if (version != FORMAT_VERSION) {
-                        SystemLogger.warning(
-                            "Skipping ${file.name}: unknown format version $version"
+                        // Old upstream files (v1) and dev-only intermediate
+                        // files (v2) are missing the metadata snapshot
+                        // and/or symmetric key block — restoring them
+                        // would put broken state in memory (apps relying
+                        // on those records get logged out). Skip and let
+                        // the next generateKey re-create cleanly with the
+                        // new format. Affected apps re-login once after
+                        // upgrade, then never again.
+                        SystemLogger.info(
+                            "Skipping ${file.name}: legacy format version $version. " +
+                            "It will be replaced on next generateKey for this alias."
                         )
                         return@runCatching
                     }
@@ -212,7 +278,7 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
 
                     val pkLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 8192, "pkLen")
                     val pkBytes = ByteArray(pkLen)
-                    input.readFully(pkBytes)
+                    if (pkLen > 0) input.readFully(pkBytes)
 
                     val certCount = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 10, "certCount")
                     val certChainBytes = (0 until certCount).map {
@@ -222,6 +288,17 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
                         certBytes
                     }
 
+                    val metaLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 256 * 1024, "metaLen")
+                    val metadataBytes = ByteArray(metaLen).also {
+                        if (metaLen > 0) input.readFully(it)
+                    }
+
+                    val skAlgo = input.readUTF()
+                    val skLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 8192, "skLen")
+                    val skBytes = ByteArray(skLen).also {
+                        if (skLen > 0) input.readFully(it)
+                    }
+
                     if (storedSecLevel == securityLevel) {
                         result.add(
                             PersistedKeyData(
@@ -237,6 +314,9 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
                                 digests = digests,
                                 privateKeyBytes = pkBytes,
                                 certChainBytes = certChainBytes,
+                                metadataBytes = metadataBytes,
+                                symmetricKeyBytes = skBytes,
+                                symmetricAlgorithm = skAlgo,
                             )
                         )
                     }
@@ -292,7 +372,7 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
             DataInputStream(BufferedInputStream(FileInputStream(existing))).use { input ->
                 val version = input.readInt()
                 if (version != FORMAT_VERSION) {
-                    SystemLogger.warning("rePersist: unknown format version $version for $keyId")
+                    SystemLogger.warning("rePersist: legacy format version $version for $keyId, will not re-persist (next generateKey replaces it)")
                     return
                 }
                 readPersistedKeyData(input)
@@ -303,10 +383,29 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
             return
         }
 
-        val keyPair = generatedKeyInfo.keyPair ?: return
+        val keyPair = generatedKeyInfo.keyPair
+        val secretKey = generatedKeyInfo.secretKey
+        if (keyPair == null && secretKey == null) {
+            SystemLogger.warning("rePersist: no key material for $keyId")
+            return
+        }
+        // Serialize the live KeyMetadata (now contains the user-installed cert
+        // chain via updateSubcomponent) so the next boot restores byte-identical
+        // metadata. KeyMetadata is binder-free, so marshall() is safe here.
+        val metadataBytes = runCatching {
+            android.os.Parcel.obtain().let { parcel ->
+                try {
+                    metadata.writeToParcel(parcel, 0)
+                    parcel.marshall()
+                } finally {
+                    parcel.recycle()
+                }
+            }
+        }.getOrNull()
         save(
             keyId = keyId,
             keyPair = keyPair,
+            secretKey = secretKey,
             nspace = generatedKeyInfo.nspace,
             securityLevel = secLevel,
             certChain = newChain.toList(),
@@ -316,6 +415,7 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
             purposes = persisted.purposes,
             digests = persisted.digests,
             isAttestationKey = persisted.isAttestationKey,
+            metadataBytes = metadataBytes,
         )
         SystemLogger.debug("Re-persisted key $keyId with updated cert chain")
     }
@@ -332,7 +432,8 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
         return digest.joinToString("") { "%02x".format(it) } + ".bin"
     }
 
-    // Reads all fields after version has already been consumed
+    // Reads all fields after the version int has already been consumed
+    // and validated by the caller.
     private fun readPersistedKeyData(input: DataInputStream): PersistedKeyData {
         val secLevel = input.readInt()
         val uid = input.readInt()
@@ -351,7 +452,7 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
 
         val pkLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 8192, "pkLen")
         val pkBytes = ByteArray(pkLen)
-        input.readFully(pkBytes)
+        if (pkLen > 0) input.readFully(pkBytes)
 
         val certCount = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 10, "certCount")
         val certChainBytes = (0 until certCount).map {
@@ -361,6 +462,17 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
             certBytes
         }
 
+        val metaLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 256 * 1024, "metaLen")
+        val metadataBytes = ByteArray(metaLen).also {
+            if (metaLen > 0) input.readFully(it)
+        }
+
+        val skAlgo = input.readUTF()
+        val skLen = requireBounds(input.readInt(), 8192, "skLen")
+        val skBytes = ByteArray(skLen).also {
+            if (skLen > 0) input.readFully(it)
+        }
+
         return PersistedKeyData(
             uid = uid,
             alias = alias,
@@ -374,6 +486,9 @@ object GeneratedKeyPersistence {
             digests = digests,
             privateKeyBytes = pkBytes,
             certChainBytes = certChainBytes,
+            metadataBytes = metadataBytes,
+            symmetricKeyBytes = skBytes,
+            symmetricAlgorithm = skAlgo,
         )
     }
 }

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/shim/KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.kt

@@ -21,21 +21,21 @@ import java.security.cert.Certificate
 import java.security.cert.CertificateFactory
 import java.security.spec.PKCS8EncodedKeySpec
 import java.util.Date
-import java.util.concurrent.CompletableFuture
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap
 import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentLinkedDeque
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger
-import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicReference
 import java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation.AttestationBuilder
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation.AttestationConstants
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation.AttestationPatcher
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation.DeviceAttestationService
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.attestation.KeyMintAttestation
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.config.ConfigurationManager
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.core.BinderInterceptor
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.InterceptorUtils
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.KeyIdentifier
+import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.Keystore2Interceptor
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.logging.SystemLogger
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.pki.CertGenConfig
 import org.matrix.TEESimulator.pki.CertificateGenerator
@@ -59,10 +59,6 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
         val keyParams: KeyMintAttestation? = null,
     )
 
-    // null = undecided, true = TEE works (use PATCH), false = TEE broken (use GENERATE)
-    // Instance field so TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT and STRONGBOX decide independently
-    val teePathDecision = AtomicReference<Boolean?>(null)
-
     private val activeOps = ConcurrentHashMap<Int, ConcurrentLinkedDeque<SoftwareOperation>>()
     private val recentOps = ConcurrentHashMap<Int, ConcurrentLinkedDeque<Long>>()
 
@@ -75,18 +71,16 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
         callingPid: Int,
         data: Parcel,
     ): TransactionResult {
-        val shouldSkip = ConfigurationManager.shouldSkipUid(callingUid)
-
         when (code) {
             GENERATE_KEY_TRANSACTION -> {
                 logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code]!!, callingUid, callingPid)
 
-                if (!shouldSkip) return handleGenerateKey(txId, callingUid, callingPid, data)
+                return handleGenerateKey(txId, callingUid, callingPid, data)
             }
             CREATE_OPERATION_TRANSACTION -> {
                 logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code]!!, callingUid, callingPid)
 
-                if (!shouldSkip) return handleCreateOperation(txId, callingUid, data)
+                return handleCreateOperation(txId, callingUid, data)
             }
             IMPORT_KEY_TRANSACTION -> {
                 logTransaction(txId, transactionNames[code]!!, callingUid, callingPid)
@@ -133,13 +127,18 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             val keyDescriptor =
                 data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
                     ?: return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
-            // Evict generated key data but retain patched chains so detectors
-            // can't use importKey to force unpatched getKeyEntry responses.
+            // A successful importKey replaces the alias's key in the real keystore2, so any prior
+            // generate/patch cache for this alias is stale. Drop it: a non-attested import then
+            // falls through to the real keystore2 (origin=IMPORTED, imported leaf), and the
+            // attested-import branch below re-caches the fresh patched chain. Without this,
+            // getKeyEntry replays the prior generated attestation (duck STALE_GENERATED_AFTER_IMPORT).
             val keyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, keyDescriptor.alias)
             if (generatedKeys.remove(keyId) != null) {
                 SystemLogger.debug("Remove generated key on importKey $keyId")
                 GeneratedKeyPersistence.delete(keyId)
             }
+            teeResponses.remove(keyId)
+            patchedChains.remove(keyId)
             attestationKeys.remove(keyId)
             importedKeys.add(keyId)
             SystemLogger.trace { "[TRACE-$txId] post-importKey $keyId: added to importedKeys, skipUid=${ConfigurationManager.shouldSkipUid(callingUid)}" }
@@ -193,7 +192,8 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                     SystemLogger.info("Found new IKeystoreOperation. Registering interceptor...")
                     val backdoor = getBackdoor(target)
                     if (backdoor != null) {
-                        val interceptor = OperationInterceptor(operation, backdoor)
+                        val isAead = parsedParams.blockMode.firstOrNull() == BlockMode.GCM
+                        val interceptor = OperationInterceptor(operation, backdoor, isAead)
                         register(backdoor, operationBinder, interceptor, OperationInterceptor.INTERCEPTED_CODES)
                         interceptedOperations[operationBinder] = interceptor
                     } else {
@@ -209,14 +209,26 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             val metadata: KeyMetadata =
                 reply.readTypedObject(KeyMetadata.CREATOR)
                     ?: return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
-            val originalChain =
-                CertificateHelper.getCertificateChain(metadata)
-                    ?: return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
-            if (originalChain.size > 1) {
-                // Read the request parcel to extract keyDescriptor and cert date params.
+
             data.enforceInterface(IKeystoreSecurityLevel.DESCRIPTOR)
             val keyDescriptor = data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR)
                 ?: return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
+            val keyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, keyDescriptor.alias)
+
+            val originalChain = CertificateHelper.getCertificateChain(metadata)
+            if (originalChain == null || originalChain.size <= 1) {
+                // Cache non-attested responses for KEY_ID getKeyEntry parity.
+                // Without this, the cached attested path returns in ~1ms while
+                // the forwarded non-attested path takes ~1.5ms, and
+                // TimingSideChannelProbe flags the 1.55x ratio.
+                cleanupKeyData(keyId)
+                teeResponses[keyId] = KeyEntryResponse().apply {
+                    this.metadata = metadata
+                    iSecurityLevel = original
+                }
+                return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
+            }
+
             data.readTypedObject(KeyDescriptor.CREATOR) // skip attestationKey
             val keyParams = data.createTypedArray(KeyParameter.CREATOR)
             val certNotBefore = keyParams?.find { it.tag == Tag.CERTIFICATE_NOT_BEFORE }?.value?.dateTime?.let { Date(it) }
@@ -224,15 +236,12 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
 
             val newChain = AttestationPatcher.patchCertificateChain(originalChain, callingUid, certNotBefore, certNotAfter)
 
-                // Cache the newly patched chain to ensure consistency across subsequent API calls.
             val key = metadata.key
                 ?: return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
-                val keyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, keyDescriptor.alias)
             CertificateHelper.updateCertificateChain(metadata, newChain).getOrThrow()
             metadata.authorizations =
                 InterceptorUtils.patchAuthorizations(metadata.authorizations, callingUid)
 
-                // We must clean up cached generated keys before storing the patched chain
             cleanupKeyData(keyId)
             patchedChains[keyId] = newChain
             teeResponses[keyId] = KeyEntryResponse().apply {
@@ -245,7 +254,6 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
 
             return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(metadata)
         }
-        }
         return TransactionResult.SkipTransaction
     }
 
@@ -315,7 +323,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                     entry ?: run {
                         trackAndEnforceOpLimit(callingUid, txId)?.let { return it }
                         SystemLogger.info("[TX_ID: $txId] createOperation KeyId(${keyDescriptor.nspace}) NOT FOUND for uid=$callingUid. Forwarding to HAL.")
-                        return TransactionResult.Continue
+                        return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
                     }
                 }
                 else -> {
@@ -370,7 +378,11 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             )
         } else parsedParams
 
-        val opLatency = if (securityLevel == SecurityLevel.STRONGBOX) STRONGBOX_OP_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS else 0L
+        val opLatency = when (securityLevel) {
+            SecurityLevel.STRONGBOX -> STRONGBOX_OP_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS
+            SecurityLevel.TRUSTED_ENVIRONMENT -> TEE_OP_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS
+            else -> 0L
+        }
         val softwareOperation = SoftwareOperation(txId, generatedKeyInfo.keyPair, generatedKeyInfo.secretKey, effectiveParams, opLatency)
 
         if (keyParams?.usageCountLimit != null) {
@@ -410,6 +422,14 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
     }
 
     private fun handleGenerateKey(txId: Long, callingUid: Int, callingPid: Int, data: Parcel): TransactionResult {
+        if (SystemLogger.isDebugBuild) {
+            val savedPos = data.dataPosition()
+            val req = data.marshall()
+            data.setDataPosition(savedPos)
+            val path = "/data/local/tmp/teesim-gen-mode-req-uid${callingUid}-tx${txId}-${System.nanoTime()}.bin"
+            runCatching { java.io.File(path).writeBytes(req) }
+            SystemLogger.debug("[gen-mode-req] uid=$callingUid txId=$txId len=${req.size} path=$path")
+        }
         val oversized = data.dataSize() > MAX_ALIAS_LENGTH
 
         return runCatching {
@@ -420,8 +440,14 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 SystemLogger.debug(
                     "Handling generateKey ${keyDescriptor.alias}, attestKey=${attestationKey?.alias}"
                 )
-                val params = data.createTypedArray(KeyParameter.CREATOR)!!
-                val parsedParams = KeyMintAttestation(params)
+                var params = data.createTypedArray(KeyParameter.CREATOR)!!
+                var parsedParams = KeyMintAttestation(params)
+                val isAttestKeyRequest = parsedParams.isAttestKey()
+
+                if (ConfigurationManager.shouldSkipUid(callingUid)
+                    && attestationKey == null && !isAttestKeyRequest) {
+                    return TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+                }
 
                 SystemLogger.trace { "[TRACE-$txId] generateKey alias=${keyDescriptor.alias} algo=${parsedParams.algorithm} challenge=${parsedParams.attestationChallenge?.size ?: "null"} serial=${parsedParams.serial != null} imei=${parsedParams.imei != null} noAuth=${parsedParams.noAuthRequired} purposes=${parsedParams.purpose}" }
                 if (SystemLogger.isDebugBuild) params.forEach { p ->
@@ -452,13 +478,37 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                     it.tag == Tag.ATTESTATION_ID_SECOND_IMEI 
                 }
 
+                val hasDevicePropertyAttestation = parsedParams.brand != null ||
+                    parsedParams.device != null ||
+                    parsedParams.product != null ||
+                    parsedParams.manufacturer != null ||
+                    parsedParams.model != null
+
+                // Mirror the real TEE's capability: hardware that never provisioned device IDs
+                // returns CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS. Synthesizing device-ID/property attestation a chip of
+                // this class cannot produce is an over-capability tell — a genuine device fails the
+                // same request. Forge health, mirror capability.
+                if ((hasDeviceIdAttestation || hasDevicePropertyAttestation) &&
+                    !DeviceAttestationService.canAttestDeviceIds) {
+                    SystemLogger.info("[TX_ID: $txId] Real TEE cannot attest device IDs; returning CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS for uid=$callingUid (mirroring hardware)")
+                    return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(KEYMINT_CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS)
+                }
+
                 if(hasDeviceIdAttestation && !AndroidPermissionUtils.hasDeviceAttestationPermission(callingUid)) {
                     SystemLogger.warning("[TX_ID: $txId] Rejecting DEVICE_ID_ATTESTATION for uid=$callingUid")
                     return InterceptorUtils.createErrorReply(KEYMINT_CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS)
                 }
 
-                // AOSP security_level.rs:478-485: INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID requires
-                // SELinux gen_unique_id OR Android REQUEST_UNIQUE_ID_ATTESTATION
+                // INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID requires SELinux gen_unique_id OR
+                // android.permission.REQUEST_UNIQUE_ID_ATTESTATION (AOSP
+                // security_level.rs:478-485). AOSP returns PERMISSION_DENIED
+                // when neither is held — but doing so breaks Google Wallet
+                // card binding (Wallet's generateKey carries the tag without
+                // holding the permission, and Play Integrity also fails when
+                // unique_id ends up in the attestation). Silently strip the
+                // tag so the key generates normally and the resulting
+                // attestation simply omits the unique_id field. This mirrors
+                // the pre-PR157 behavior where the tag had no effect.
                 if (params.any { it.tag == Tag.INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID }) {
                     val hasSELinux = ConfigurationManager.checkSELinuxPermission(
                         callingPid, "keystore_key", "gen_unique_id",
@@ -467,8 +517,9 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                         callingUid, "android.permission.REQUEST_UNIQUE_ID_ATTESTATION",
                     )
                     if (!hasSELinux && !hasAndroid) {
-                        SystemLogger.warning("[TX_ID: $txId] Rejecting INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID for uid=$callingUid pid=$callingPid")
-                        return InterceptorUtils.createServiceSpecificErrorReply(RESPONSE_PERMISSION_DENIED)
+                        SystemLogger.debug("[TX_ID: $txId] Stripping INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID for uid=$callingUid pid=$callingPid (no permission)")
+                        params = params.filter { it.tag != Tag.INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID }.toTypedArray()
+                        parsedParams = KeyMintAttestation(params)
                     }
                 }
 
@@ -482,29 +533,21 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 }
 
                 val keyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, keyDescriptor.alias)
-                val isAttestKeyRequest = parsedParams.isAttestKey()
 
                 val forceGenerate =
                     oversized ||
                         ConfigurationManager.shouldGenerate(callingUid) ||
-                        (ConfigurationManager.shouldPatch(callingUid) && isAttestKeyRequest) ||
-                        (attestationKey != null &&
-                            isAttestationKey(KeyIdentifier(callingUid, attestationKey.alias)))
+                        isAttestKeyRequest ||
+                        attestationKey != null
 
-                val isAuto = ConfigurationManager.isAutoMode(callingUid)
-
-                if (isAuto) SystemLogger.debug("AUTO dispatch: teePathDecision=${teePathDecision.get()} for ${keyDescriptor.alias}")
-
-                SystemLogger.trace { "[TRACE-$txId] dispatch: forceGen=$forceGenerate isAuto=$isAuto teePath=${teePathDecision.get()} hasChallenge=${challenge != null} isSymmetric=$isSymmetric isAttestKey=$isAttestKeyRequest" }
+                SystemLogger.trace { "[TRACE-$txId] dispatch: forceGen=$forceGenerate hasChallenge=${challenge != null} isSymmetric=$isSymmetric isAttestKey=$isAttestKeyRequest" }
 
                 when {
                     forceGenerate -> doSoftwareKeyGen(callingUid, keyDescriptor, attestationKey, parsedParams, keyId, isAttestKeyRequest)
-                    isAuto && teePathDecision.get() == null -> raceTeePatch(callingUid, keyDescriptor, attestationKey, params, parsedParams, keyId, isAttestKeyRequest)
-                    isAuto && teePathDecision.get() == false -> doSoftwareKeyGen(callingUid, keyDescriptor, attestationKey, parsedParams, keyId, isAttestKeyRequest)
                     parsedParams.attestationChallenge != null -> TransactionResult.Continue
                     else -> {
                         cleanupKeyData(keyId)
-                        TransactionResult.ContinueAndSkipPost
+                        TransactionResult.Continue
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -532,11 +575,17 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             parsedParams.algorithm != Algorithm.RSA
 
         if (isSymmetric) {
+            if (attestationKey != null) {
+                throw android.os.ServiceSpecificException(
+                    KEYMINT_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
+                    "ATTEST_KEY tag is not supported for symmetric algorithms (algo=${parsedParams.algorithm})",
+                )
+            }
             val algoName = when (parsedParams.algorithm) {
                 Algorithm.AES -> "AES"
                 Algorithm.HMAC -> "HmacSHA256"
                 else -> throw android.os.ServiceSpecificException(
-                    SECURE_HW_COMMUNICATION_FAILED,
+                    KEYMINT_INVALID_ARGUMENT,
                     "Unsupported symmetric algorithm: ${parsedParams.algorithm}",
                 )
             }
@@ -562,6 +611,41 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 iSecurityLevel = original
             }
             generatedKeys[keyId] = GeneratedKeyInfo(null, secretKey, keyDescriptor.nspace, response, parsedParams)
+            Keystore2Interceptor.forgetDeletedKey(keyId)
+
+            // Persist symmetric keys too. Without this, AndroidX security
+            // crypto MasterKey (AES-GCM-256) is regenerated on every reboot
+            // and any EncryptedSharedPreferences becomes undecryptable —
+            // which apps that wrap their session token in
+            // EncryptedSharedPreferences interpret as session expiry.
+            // Snapshot the metadata bytes alongside the raw secret
+            // material so authorizations restore byte-identical.
+            val metadataBytesForSymmetric = runCatching {
+                val parcel = android.os.Parcel.obtain()
+                try {
+                    metadata.writeToParcel(parcel, 0)
+                    parcel.marshall()
+                } finally {
+                    parcel.recycle()
+                }
+            }.getOrNull()
+            persistExecutor.execute {
+                GeneratedKeyPersistence.save(
+                    keyId = keyId,
+                    keyPair = null,
+                    secretKey = secretKey,
+                    nspace = keyDescriptor.nspace,
+                    securityLevel = securityLevel,
+                    certChain = emptyList(),
+                    algorithm = parsedParams.algorithm,
+                    keySize = parsedParams.keySize,
+                    ecCurve = parsedParams.ecCurve ?: 0,
+                    purposes = parsedParams.purpose,
+                    digests = parsedParams.digest,
+                    isAttestationKey = false,
+                    metadataBytes = metadataBytesForSymmetric,
+                )
+            }
 
             if (securityLevel == SecurityLevel.STRONGBOX) {
                 val delayMs = STRONGBOX_KEYGEN_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS - (System.nanoTime() - genStartNanos) / 1_000_000
@@ -570,7 +654,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 TeeLatencySimulator.simulateGenerateKeyDelay(parsedParams.algorithm, System.nanoTime() - genStartNanos)
             }
 
-            return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(metadata)
+            return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(metadata, diagnosticTag = "gen-mode-sym")
         }
 
         val keyData = if (NativeCertGen.isAvailable && attestationKey == null) {
@@ -586,6 +670,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
 
         val response = buildKeyEntryResponse(callingUid, keyData.second, parsedParams, keyDescriptor)
         generatedKeys[keyId] = GeneratedKeyInfo(keyData.first, null, keyDescriptor.nspace, response, parsedParams)
+        Keystore2Interceptor.forgetDeletedKey(keyId)
         if (isAttestKeyRequest) attestationKeys.add(keyId)
 
         if (SystemLogger.isDebugBuild) {
@@ -600,10 +685,28 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
         }
 
         val certChainCopy = keyData.second.toList()
+        // Snapshot the freshly built KeyMetadata bytes so loadPersistedKeys
+        // can restore byte-identical authorizations after reboot. Without
+        // this, the rebuild path drops every authorization tag that wasn't
+        // captured into PersistedKeyData primitive fields (origin, block
+        // mode, padding, expiry timestamps...), which broke session pinning
+        // for apps that fingerprint metadata across keystore calls.
+        val metadataBytesForPersist = response.metadata?.let { md ->
+            runCatching {
+                val parcel = android.os.Parcel.obtain()
+                try {
+                    md.writeToParcel(parcel, 0)
+                    parcel.marshall()
+                } finally {
+                    parcel.recycle()
+                }
+            }.getOrNull()
+        }
         persistExecutor.execute {
             GeneratedKeyPersistence.save(
                 keyId = keyId,
                 keyPair = keyData.first,
+                secretKey = null,
                 nspace = keyDescriptor.nspace,
                 securityLevel = securityLevel,
                 certChain = certChainCopy,
@@ -613,6 +716,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 purposes = parsedParams.purpose,
                 digests = parsedParams.digest,
                 isAttestationKey = isAttestKeyRequest,
+                metadataBytes = metadataBytesForPersist,
             )
         }
 
@@ -623,94 +727,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             TeeLatencySimulator.simulateGenerateKeyDelay(parsedParams.algorithm, System.nanoTime() - genStartNanos)
         }
 
-        return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(response.metadata)
-    }
-
-    private fun raceTeePatch(
-        callingUid: Int,
-        keyDescriptor: KeyDescriptor,
-        attestationKey: KeyDescriptor?,
-        rawParams: Array<KeyParameter>,
-        parsedParams: KeyMintAttestation,
-        keyId: KeyIdentifier,
-        isAttestKeyRequest: Boolean,
-    ): TransactionResult {
-        SystemLogger.info("AUTO: racing TEE vs software for ${keyDescriptor.alias}")
-
-        val teeDescriptor = KeyDescriptor().apply {
-            domain = keyDescriptor.domain
-            nspace = keyDescriptor.nspace
-            alias = keyDescriptor.alias
-            blob = keyDescriptor.blob
-        }
-        val teeAttestKey = attestationKey?.let {
-            KeyDescriptor().apply {
-                domain = it.domain
-                nspace = it.nspace
-                alias = it.alias
-                blob = it.blob
-            }
-        }
-
-        val threadA = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync {
-            original.generateKey(teeDescriptor, teeAttestKey, rawParams, 0, byteArrayOf())
-        }
-
-        val swDescriptor = KeyDescriptor().apply {
-            domain = keyDescriptor.domain
-            nspace = secureRandom.nextLong()
-            alias = keyDescriptor.alias
-            blob = keyDescriptor.blob
-        }
-        val swKeyId = KeyIdentifier(callingUid, keyDescriptor.alias)
-
-        val threadB = CompletableFuture.supplyAsync {
-            doSoftwareKeyGen(callingUid, swDescriptor, attestationKey, parsedParams, swKeyId, isAttestKeyRequest)
-        }
-
-        return try {
-            val teeMetadata = threadA.join()
-            threadB.cancel(true)
-            teePathDecision.compareAndSet(null, true)
-            SystemLogger.info("AUTO: TEE succeeded, path locked to PATCH for ${keyDescriptor.alias}")
-
-            val originalChain = CertificateHelper.getCertificateChain(teeMetadata)
-            if (originalChain != null && originalChain.size > 1) {
-                val newChain = AttestationPatcher.patchCertificateChain(
-                    originalChain, callingUid, parsedParams.certificateNotBefore, parsedParams.certificateNotAfter
-                )
-                CertificateHelper.updateCertificateChain(teeMetadata, newChain).getOrThrow()
-                teeMetadata.authorizations =
-                    InterceptorUtils.patchAuthorizations(teeMetadata.authorizations, callingUid)
-                cleanupKeyData(keyId)
-                patchedChains[keyId] = newChain
-            }
-
-            teeResponses[keyId] = KeyEntryResponse().apply {
-                this.metadata = teeMetadata
-                iSecurityLevel = original
-            }
-
-            InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(teeMetadata)
-        } catch (_: Exception) {
-            if (teePathDecision.get() == true) {
-                threadB.cancel(true)
-                SystemLogger.info("AUTO: TEE failed locally but globally functional, forwarding for ${keyDescriptor.alias}")
-                return TransactionResult.Continue
-            }
-            teePathDecision.compareAndSet(null, false)
-            SystemLogger.info("AUTO: TEE failed, path locked to GENERATE for ${keyDescriptor.alias}")
-            try {
-                threadB.join()
-            } catch (e: Exception) {
-                SystemLogger.error("AUTO: both paths failed for ${keyDescriptor.alias}.", e)
-                val code =
-                    if (e.cause is android.os.ServiceSpecificException)
-                        (e.cause as android.os.ServiceSpecificException).errorCode
-                    else SECURE_HW_COMMUNICATION_FAILED
-                InterceptorUtils.createServiceSpecificErrorReply(code)
-            }
-        }
+        return InterceptorUtils.createTypedObjectReply(response.metadata, diagnosticTag = "gen-mode-asym")
     }
 
     private fun generateAttestedKeyPairNative(
@@ -833,6 +850,61 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                     return@runCatching
                 }
 
+                // Symmetric (AES/HMAC/3DES) keys take a separate path:
+                // there is no PKCS8 private key, no certificate chain, just
+                // raw secret material plus the metadata snapshot.
+                val isSymmetric = record.symmetricKeyBytes.isNotEmpty()
+                if (isSymmetric) {
+                    val secretKey = javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec(
+                        record.symmetricKeyBytes,
+                        record.symmetricAlgorithm,
+                    )
+                    val response = if (record.metadataBytes.isNotEmpty()) {
+                        runCatching {
+                            val parcel = android.os.Parcel.obtain()
+                            try {
+                                parcel.unmarshall(record.metadataBytes, 0, record.metadataBytes.size)
+                                parcel.setDataPosition(0)
+                                val metadata = KeyMetadata.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel)
+                                KeyEntryResponse().apply {
+                                    this.metadata = metadata
+                                    iSecurityLevel = original
+                                }
+                            } finally {
+                                parcel.recycle()
+                            }
+                        }.getOrElse { e ->
+                            SystemLogger.warning(
+                                "Failed to restore symmetric metadata for ${record.alias}, falling back to primitive rebuild",
+                                e,
+                            )
+                            rebuildSymmetricResponse(record)
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        // Pre-v3 file with symmetric key — should not happen
+                        // because v3 always saves metadata, but be defensive:
+                        // rebuild a minimal KeyMetadata from primitives so
+                        // the secret material is still restored. Without
+                        // this, dropping the record would silently log the
+                        // user out the next time the alias is used.
+                        SystemLogger.info(
+                            "Symmetric record ${record.alias} missing metadata bytes, rebuilding from primitives"
+                        )
+                        rebuildSymmetricResponse(record)
+                    }
+                    generatedKeys[keyId] = GeneratedKeyInfo(
+                        keyPair = null,
+                        secretKey = secretKey,
+                        nspace = record.nspace,
+                        response = response,
+                        keyParams = response.metadata?.let { md ->
+                            KeyMintAttestation(md.authorizations?.map { it.keyParameter }?.toTypedArray() ?: emptyArray())
+                        },
+                    )
+                    SystemLogger.debug("Restored symmetric persisted key: $keyId (${record.symmetricAlgorithm}/${record.symmetricKeyBytes.size * 8}bit)")
+                    return@runCatching
+                }
+
                 val algorithmName = when (record.algorithm) {
                     Algorithm.EC -> "EC"
                     Algorithm.RSA -> "RSA"
@@ -858,6 +930,77 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                     blob = null
                 }
 
+                // Prefer the byte-identical metadata snapshot persisted by v3
+                // saves so apps that fingerprint the metadata (e.g. they
+                // pin algorithm/purpose/digest/origin/authorization order
+                // across reboots) keep their session valid. Fall back to
+                // rebuilding
+                // from primitive fields for v1-era files (which lose
+                // authorization tags that weren't captured then).
+                val response = if (record.metadataBytes.isNotEmpty()) {
+                    runCatching {
+                        val parcel = android.os.Parcel.obtain()
+                        try {
+                            parcel.unmarshall(record.metadataBytes, 0, record.metadataBytes.size)
+                            parcel.setDataPosition(0)
+                            val metadata = KeyMetadata.CREATOR.createFromParcel(parcel)
+                            // Make sure the descriptor's nspace matches the
+                            // KEY_ID we will hand callers. updateSubcomponent
+                            // and getKeyEntry both index by nspace.
+                            metadata.key = metadata.key ?: KeyDescriptor().apply {
+                                domain = Domain.KEY_ID
+                                nspace = record.nspace
+                                alias = null
+                                blob = null
+                            }
+                            KeyEntryResponse().apply {
+                                this.metadata = metadata
+                                iSecurityLevel = original
+                            }
+                        } finally {
+                            parcel.recycle()
+                        }
+                    }.getOrElse { e ->
+                        SystemLogger.warning(
+                            "Failed to restore metadata bytes for $record.alias, falling back to rebuild",
+                            e,
+                        )
+                        rebuildResponseFromRecord(record, certChain, descriptor)
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    rebuildResponseFromRecord(record, certChain, descriptor)
+                }
+
+                val keyIdRestored = KeyIdentifier(record.uid, record.alias)
+                generatedKeys[keyIdRestored] = GeneratedKeyInfo(keyPair, null, record.nspace, response, response.metadata?.let { md ->
+                    // Re-derive an attestation summary from authorizations so
+                    // any code path that reads keyParams (e.g. logging) still
+                    // works. This does not feed back into the metadata bytes.
+                    KeyMintAttestation(md.authorizations?.map { it.keyParameter }?.toTypedArray() ?: emptyArray())
+                })
+                if (record.isAttestationKey) attestationKeys.add(keyIdRestored)
+
+                SystemLogger.debug("Restored persisted key: $keyIdRestored")
+            }.onFailure {
+                SystemLogger.error("Failed to restore key: uid=${record.uid} alias=${record.alias}", it)
+            }
+        }
+
+        SystemLogger.info("Key restoration complete. Total in memory: ${generatedKeys.size}")
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fallback rebuild path used when no v3 metadata snapshot is available
+     * (key was saved by an older build, or the snapshot failed to deserialize).
+     * Rebuilds KeyEntryResponse from primitive fields. This loses any
+     * authorization tags that weren't captured at save time, which is why we
+     * prefer the byte-identical v3 snapshot whenever possible.
+     */
+    private fun rebuildResponseFromRecord(
+        record: PersistedKeyData,
+        certChain: List<Certificate>,
+        descriptor: KeyDescriptor,
+    ): KeyEntryResponse {
         val attestation = KeyMintAttestation(
             keySize = record.keySize,
             algorithm = record.algorithm,
@@ -902,18 +1045,85 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             minMacLength = null,
             rsaOaepMgfDigest = emptyList(),
         )
-
-                val response = buildKeyEntryResponse(record.uid, certChain, attestation, descriptor)
-                generatedKeys[keyId] = GeneratedKeyInfo(keyPair, null, record.nspace, response, attestation)
-                if (record.isAttestationKey) attestationKeys.add(keyId)
-
-                SystemLogger.debug("Restored persisted key: $keyId")
-            }.onFailure {
-                SystemLogger.error("Failed to restore key: uid=${record.uid} alias=${record.alias}", it)
-            }
+        return buildKeyEntryResponse(record.uid, certChain, attestation, descriptor)
     }
 
-        SystemLogger.info("Key restoration complete. Total in memory: ${generatedKeys.size}")
+    /**
+     * Defensive fallback for symmetric key records that somehow ended up
+     * without a metadata snapshot (e.g. a save where Parcel.marshall()
+     * threw and persisted an empty mdBytes, or a future format where the
+     * snapshot is lazily populated). Without this fallback, loadAll would
+     * skip the record and the secret material would be effectively lost,
+     * silently logging the user out the next time the alias is used.
+     *
+     * The rebuilt KeyMetadata is structurally minimal — only the primitive
+     * authorization tags we captured at save time. That's worse than a
+     * byte-identical snapshot for apps that fingerprint metadata, but it
+     * still keeps the AES key alive across reboots, which is the
+     * dominant correctness concern.
+     */
+    private fun rebuildSymmetricResponse(record: PersistedKeyData): KeyEntryResponse {
+        val attestation = KeyMintAttestation(
+            keySize = record.keySize,
+            algorithm = record.algorithm,
+            ecCurve = record.ecCurve,
+            ecCurveName = "",
+            origin = null,
+            blockMode = emptyList(),
+            padding = emptyList(),
+            purpose = record.purposes,
+            digest = record.digests,
+            rsaPublicExponent = null,
+            certificateSerial = null,
+            certificateSubject = null,
+            certificateNotBefore = null,
+            certificateNotAfter = null,
+            attestationChallenge = null,
+            brand = null,
+            device = null,
+            product = null,
+            serial = null,
+            imei = null,
+            meid = null,
+            manufacturer = null,
+            model = null,
+            secondImei = null,
+            activeDateTime = null,
+            originationExpireDateTime = null,
+            usageExpireDateTime = null,
+            usageCountLimit = null,
+            callerNonce = null,
+            nonce = null,
+            unlockedDeviceRequired = null,
+            includeUniqueId = null,
+            rollbackResistance = null,
+            earlyBootOnly = null,
+            allowWhileOnBody = null,
+            trustedUserPresenceRequired = null,
+            trustedConfirmationRequired = null,
+            noAuthRequired = null,
+            maxUsesPerBoot = null,
+            maxBootLevel = null,
+            minMacLength = null,
+            rsaOaepMgfDigest = emptyList(),
+        )
+        val metadata = KeyMetadata().apply {
+            keySecurityLevel = securityLevel
+            key = KeyDescriptor().apply {
+                domain = Domain.KEY_ID
+                nspace = record.nspace
+                alias = null
+                blob = null
+            }
+            certificate = null
+            certificateChain = null
+            authorizations = attestation.toAuthorizations(record.uid, securityLevel)
+            modificationTimeMs = System.currentTimeMillis()
+        }
+        return KeyEntryResponse().apply {
+            this.metadata = metadata
+            iSecurityLevel = original
+        }
     }
 
     companion object {
@@ -930,6 +1140,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
         private const val TEE_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS = 15L
         private const val STRONGBOX_KEYGEN_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS = 250L
         private const val STRONGBOX_OP_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS = 80L
+        private const val TEE_OP_LATENCY_FLOOR_MS = 4L
         private const val KEYMINT_TOO_MANY_OPERATIONS = -29
         private const val KEYMINT_CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS = -66
         private const val KEYMINT_UNKNOWN_ERROR = -1000
@@ -977,6 +1188,63 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
         private val usageCounters = ConcurrentHashMap<KeyIdentifier, java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger>()
         private val interceptedOperations = ConcurrentHashMap<IBinder, OperationInterceptor>()
 
+        /**
+         * Grant plane for the public `KeyStoreManager.grantKeyAccess()` API (Android 16, API 36+).
+         * On Android <= 15 grant was a hidden API denied to untrusted_app, so this state stays
+         * empty there (the GRANT_TRANSACTION handler returns PERMISSION_DENIED for synthetic keys
+         * pre-36). A grant is caller-bound and carries an access vector; resolving one yields the
+         * owner's own KeyEntryResponse so every access plane returns a coherent certificate chain.
+         */
+        data class SoftwareGrant(
+            val ownerKeyId: KeyIdentifier,
+            val granteeUid: Int,
+            val accessVector: Int,
+        )
+
+        val softwareGrants = ConcurrentHashMap<Long, SoftwareGrant>() // grantId -> grant
+
+        /** Mint or reuse a grant id (random, non-zero, non -1 Long). Re-grant reuses the id. */
+        fun issueGrant(ownerKeyId: KeyIdentifier, granteeUid: Int, accessVector: Int): Long {
+            softwareGrants.entries
+                .firstOrNull { it.value.ownerKeyId == ownerKeyId && it.value.granteeUid == granteeUid }
+                ?.let { existing ->
+                    softwareGrants[existing.key] = existing.value.copy(accessVector = accessVector)
+                    return existing.key
+                }
+            var id = secureRandom.nextLong()
+            while (id == 0L || id == -1L || softwareGrants.containsKey(id)) id = secureRandom.nextLong()
+            softwareGrants[id] = SoftwareGrant(ownerKeyId, granteeUid, accessVector)
+            return id
+        }
+
+        /** Caller-bound resolve: only the designated grantee, only while the key exists. */
+        fun resolveGrant(grantId: Long, callerUid: Int): SoftwareGrant? =
+            softwareGrants[grantId]?.takeIf {
+                it.granteeUid == callerUid && ownsKeyResponse(it.ownerKeyId)
+            }
+
+        /**
+         * True when this interceptor holds a coherent [KeyEntryResponse] for [keyId] — synthetic
+         * (`generatedKeys`) OR patch-mode (`teeResponses`, a real TEE key whose attestation we
+         * patched). The grant plane must virtualize both: gating on `generatedKeys` alone left
+         * patch-mode keys' `Domain.GRANT` readback falling through to the real keystore2 unpatched,
+         * splitting the grant chain against the owner's patched read (duck SELF_/ISOLATED_CHAIN_SPLIT,
+         * surfaced once Android 16 made KeyStoreManager.grantKeyAccess a public API).
+         */
+        fun ownsKeyResponse(keyId: KeyIdentifier): Boolean = getGeneratedKeyResponse(keyId) != null
+
+        fun revokeGrant(ownerKeyId: KeyIdentifier, granteeUid: Int) {
+            softwareGrants.entries
+                .filter { it.value.ownerKeyId == ownerKeyId && it.value.granteeUid == granteeUid }
+                .forEach { softwareGrants.remove(it.key) }
+        }
+
+        fun purgeGrantsForKey(ownerKeyId: KeyIdentifier) {
+            softwareGrants.entries
+                .filter { it.value.ownerKeyId == ownerKeyId }
+                .forEach { softwareGrants.remove(it.key) }
+        }
+
         fun getGeneratedKeyResponse(keyId: KeyIdentifier): KeyEntryResponse? =
             generatedKeys[keyId]?.response ?: teeResponses[keyId]
 
@@ -988,11 +1256,40 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
                 ?.value
         }
 
+        fun findTeeResponseByKeyId(callingUid: Int, nspace: Long?): KeyEntryResponse? {
+            if (nspace == null || nspace == 0L) return null
+            return teeResponses.entries
+                .filter { (keyId, _) -> keyId.uid == callingUid }
+                .find { (_, response) -> response.metadata?.key?.nspace == nspace }
+                ?.value
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Drops the cached TEE/patched response (and patched chain) addressed by KEY_ID so a
+         * post-mutation getKeyEntry falls through to the now-updated real keystore2 key. Used
+         * after updateSubcomponent re-keys a patched chain (duck
+         * STALE_TEE_RESPONSE_AFTER_KEY_ID_UPDATE).
+         */
+        fun evictTeeResponseByKeyId(callingUid: Int, nspace: Long?) {
+            if (nspace == null || nspace == 0L) return
+            teeResponses.entries
+                .filter { (keyId, _) -> keyId.uid == callingUid }
+                .find { (_, response) -> response.metadata?.key?.nspace == nspace }
+                ?.let { evictTeeResponse(it.key) }
+        }
+
+        /** Alias-addressed counterpart of [evictTeeResponseByKeyId]. */
+        fun evictTeeResponse(keyId: KeyIdentifier) {
+            teeResponses.remove(keyId)
+            patchedChains.remove(keyId)
+        }
+
         fun getPatchedChain(keyId: KeyIdentifier): Array<Certificate>? = patchedChains[keyId]
 
         fun isAttestationKey(keyId: KeyIdentifier): Boolean = attestationKeys.contains(keyId)
 
         fun cleanupKeyData(keyId: KeyIdentifier) {
+            purgeGrantsForKey(keyId) // grants die with the key (Android 16 path; no-op pre-36)
             if (generatedKeys.remove(keyId) != null) {
                 SystemLogger.debug("Remove generated key ${keyId}")
                 GeneratedKeyPersistence.delete(keyId)
@@ -1008,6 +1305,36 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             usageCounters.remove(keyId)
         }
 
+        /** Clears every synthetic key owned by [uid] (maintenance.clearNamespace, Domain.APP). */
+        fun clearNamespaceKeys(uid: Int) {
+            val victims = generatedKeys.keys.filter { it.uid == uid }
+            if (victims.isEmpty()) return
+            victims.forEach { cleanupKeyData(it) } // also purges grants + persistence
+            SystemLogger.info(
+                "Cleared ${victims.size} synthetic keys for uid=$uid (maintenance.clearNamespace)"
+            )
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Re-keys a synthetic entry from [srcId] to [dstId] for maintenance.migrateKeyNamespace,
+         * preserving the key material, certificate chain, and any grants (which reference the key,
+         * not the namespace). In-memory only: the stale persisted file is dropped and the migrated
+         * key is not re-persisted, matching the single-session boundary the grant plane already
+         * accepts (Phase 9 plan §9). No-op if [srcId] is not ours or [dstId] already exists.
+         */
+        fun migrateGeneratedKey(srcId: KeyIdentifier, dstId: KeyIdentifier) {
+            if (srcId == dstId || generatedKeys.containsKey(dstId)) return
+            val info = generatedKeys.remove(srcId) ?: return
+            generatedKeys[dstId] = info
+            if (attestationKeys.remove(srcId)) attestationKeys.add(dstId)
+            if (importedKeys.remove(srcId)) importedKeys.add(dstId)
+            softwareGrants.entries
+                .filter { it.value.ownerKeyId == srcId }
+                .forEach { softwareGrants[it.key] = it.value.copy(ownerKeyId = dstId) }
+            GeneratedKeyPersistence.delete(srcId)
+            SystemLogger.info("Migrated synthetic key $srcId -> $dstId (maintenance.migrateKeyNamespace)")
+        }
+
         fun removeOperationInterceptor(operationBinder: IBinder, backdoor: IBinder) {
             unregister(backdoor, operationBinder)
 
@@ -1033,6 +1360,7 @@ class KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor(
             attestationKeys.clear()
             importedKeys.clear()
             usageCounters.clear()
+            softwareGrants.clear()
             GeneratedKeyPersistence.deleteAll()
             SystemLogger.info("Cleared all cached keys ($count entries)$reasonMessage.")
         }
@@ -1057,15 +1385,23 @@ private fun KeyMintAttestation.toAuthorizations(
         }
     }
 
+    // HAL-enforced authorization ordering mirrors AOSP keymint reference
+    // HAL output: PURPOSE → ALGORITHM → KEY_SIZE → curve → mode params →
+    // exponent. Duck-Detector's generate-mode fingerprint walks the reply
+    // parcel at 12-byte parser strides and matches when slot[count-1] reads
+    // (secLevel=256, tag=1, unionTag=32) — which emerges in the original
+    // order because EC P-256's KEY_SIZE.value=256 lands at byte 224 (auth#4
+    // value field). Reordering moves KEY_SIZE to auth#2, so byte 224 reads
+    // a different field entirely.
+    this.purpose.forEach { authList.add(createAuth(Tag.PURPOSE, KeyParameterValue.keyPurpose(it))) }
     authList.add(createAuth(Tag.ALGORITHM, KeyParameterValue.algorithm(this.algorithm)))
+    authList.add(createAuth(Tag.KEY_SIZE, KeyParameterValue.integer(this.keySize)))
     if (this.ecCurve != null) {
         authList.add(createAuth(Tag.EC_CURVE, KeyParameterValue.ecCurve(this.ecCurve)))
     }
-    this.purpose.forEach { authList.add(createAuth(Tag.PURPOSE, KeyParameterValue.keyPurpose(it))) }
     this.blockMode.forEach { authList.add(createAuth(Tag.BLOCK_MODE, KeyParameterValue.blockMode(it))) }
     this.digest.forEach { authList.add(createAuth(Tag.DIGEST, KeyParameterValue.digest(it))) }
     this.padding.forEach { authList.add(createAuth(Tag.PADDING, KeyParameterValue.paddingMode(it))) }
-    authList.add(createAuth(Tag.KEY_SIZE, KeyParameterValue.integer(this.keySize)))
     if (this.rsaPublicExponent != null) {
         authList.add(createAuth(Tag.RSA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, KeyParameterValue.longInteger(this.rsaPublicExponent.toLong())))
     }
@@ -1107,45 +1443,65 @@ private fun KeyMintAttestation.toAuthorizations(
     if (osPatch != AndroidDeviceUtils.DO_NOT_REPORT) {
         authList.add(createAuth(Tag.OS_PATCHLEVEL, KeyParameterValue.integer(osPatch)))
     }
-    val vendorPatch = AndroidDeviceUtils.getVendorPatchLevelLong(callingUid)
-    if (vendorPatch != AndroidDeviceUtils.DO_NOT_REPORT) {
-        authList.add(createAuth(Tag.VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL, KeyParameterValue.integer(vendorPatch)))
-    }
-    val bootPatch = AndroidDeviceUtils.getBootPatchLevelLong(callingUid)
-    if (bootPatch != AndroidDeviceUtils.DO_NOT_REPORT) {
-        authList.add(createAuth(Tag.BOOT_PATCHLEVEL, KeyParameterValue.integer(bootPatch)))
-    }
+    // Real keystore2 (captured on-device: MediaTek, Android 15) does NOT surface
+    // VENDOR_PATCHLEVEL or BOOT_PATCHLEVEL in the generateKey KeyMetadata.authorizations
+    // — they exist only in the attestation extension. Emitting them yielded a
+    // 13-authorization EC reply where the genuine HAL emits 11, which is precisely the
+    // structural tell Duck-Detector's generate-mode parcel fingerprint keys on (its
+    // stride-walk lands on the 13-entry layout). Both values remain in the attestation
+    // extension via AttestationBuilder, so attestation content is unchanged.
 
-    fun createSwAuth(tag: Int, value: KeyParameterValue): Authorization {
+    /**
+     * Keystore-enforced authorizations (CREATION_DATETIME, ACTIVE_DATETIME,
+     * USER_ID, etc.) are tagged by real KeyMint HAL with
+     * SecurityLevel.KEYSTORE (= 100, byte 0x64), not SOFTWARE (= 0, byte
+     * 0x00). The previous SOFTWARE value is exactly what Duck Detector's
+     * "TEE Simulator generate-mode fingerprint" probe scans for in the
+     * generateKey reply parcel. Aligning with real hardware here defeats
+     * that probe across every keystore-enforced tag, not just
+     * CREATION_DATETIME's byte-5 window — so probe variants that scan
+     * later offsets are also covered.
+     */
+    fun createKeystoreAuth(tag: Int, value: KeyParameterValue): Authorization {
         val param = KeyParameter().apply {
             this.tag = tag
             this.value = value
         }
         return Authorization().apply {
             this.keyParameter = param
-            this.securityLevel = SecurityLevel.SOFTWARE
+            this.securityLevel = SecurityLevel.KEYSTORE
         }
     }
 
-    authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.CREATION_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(System.currentTimeMillis())))
+    authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.CREATION_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(System.currentTimeMillis())))
 
     this.activeDateTime?.let {
-        authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.ACTIVE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
+        authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.ACTIVE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
     }
     this.originationExpireDateTime?.let {
-        authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
+        authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.ORIGINATION_EXPIRE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
     }
     this.usageExpireDateTime?.let {
-        authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
+        authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.USAGE_EXPIRE_DATETIME, KeyParameterValue.dateTime(it.time)))
     }
     this.usageCountLimit?.let {
-        authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.USAGE_COUNT_LIMIT, KeyParameterValue.integer(it)))
+        authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.USAGE_COUNT_LIMIT, KeyParameterValue.integer(it)))
     }
     if (this.unlockedDeviceRequired == true) {
-        authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED, KeyParameterValue.boolValue(true)))
+        authList.add(createKeystoreAuth(Tag.UNLOCKED_DEVICE_REQUIRED, KeyParameterValue.boolValue(true)))
     }
 
-    authList.add(createSwAuth(Tag.USER_ID, KeyParameterValue.integer(callingUid / 100000)))
+    // Captured real keystore2 tags USER_ID at SecurityLevel.SOFTWARE (0), even though
+    // CREATION_DATETIME above is KEYSTORE (100). Mirror that split exactly.
+    authList.add(
+        Authorization().apply {
+            this.keyParameter = KeyParameter().apply {
+                this.tag = Tag.USER_ID
+                this.value = KeyParameterValue.integer(callingUid / 100000)
+            }
+            this.securityLevel = SecurityLevel.SOFTWARE
+        },
+    )
 
     return authList.toTypedArray()
 }

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/shim/OperationInterceptor.kt

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import org.matrix.TEESimulator.interception.keystore.InterceptorUtils
 class OperationInterceptor(
     private val original: IKeystoreOperation,
     private val backdoor: IBinder,
+    private val isAead: Boolean,
 ) : BinderInterceptor() {
 
     override fun onPreTransact(
@@ -27,6 +28,10 @@ class OperationInterceptor(
         val methodName = transactionNames[code] ?: "unknown code=$code"
         logTransaction(txId, methodName, callingUid, callingPid, true)
 
+        if (code == UPDATE_AAD_TRANSACTION && !isAead) {
+            return InterceptorUtils.createServiceSpecificErrorReply(KeystoreErrorCodes.invalidTag)
+        }
+
         if (code == FINISH_TRANSACTION || code == ABORT_TRANSACTION) {
             KeyMintSecurityLevelInterceptor.removeOperationInterceptor(target, backdoor)
         }
@@ -44,7 +49,8 @@ class OperationInterceptor(
         private val ABORT_TRANSACTION =
             InterceptorUtils.getTransactCode(IKeystoreOperation.Stub::class.java, "abort")
 
-        val INTERCEPTED_CODES = intArrayOf(FINISH_TRANSACTION, ABORT_TRANSACTION)
+        val INTERCEPTED_CODES =
+            intArrayOf(UPDATE_AAD_TRANSACTION, FINISH_TRANSACTION, ABORT_TRANSACTION)
 
         private val transactionNames: Map<Int, String> by lazy {
             IKeystoreOperation.Stub::class

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/interception/keystore/shim/SoftwareOperation.kt

@@ -218,19 +218,66 @@ class SoftwareOperation(
         val purposeName = KeyMintParameterLogger.purposeNames[purpose] ?: "UNKNOWN"
         SystemLogger.debug("[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] Initializing for purpose: $purposeName.")
 
+        if (purpose == null) {
+            // Defensive: if params somehow restored without a PURPOSE tag
+            // (corrupt v2 metadata, mismatched authorizations array on load,
+            // or future format drift) the original code crashed with NPE
+            // because Signer/Verifier/Cipher all dereference keyPair!!
+            // before checking purpose. Surface a clean keystore error
+            // instead so callers see a normal-looking operation failure
+            // they can recover from rather than the process appearing to
+            // silently corrupt their session.
+            SystemLogger.warning(
+                "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] Purpose missing on restored key " +
+                "(authorizations=${params.purpose}, keyPair=${if (keyPair != null) "present" else "null"}, " +
+                "secretKey=${if (secretKey != null) "present" else "null"}). " +
+                "Returning unsupportedPurpose."
+            )
+            throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                KeystoreErrorCodes.unsupportedPurpose,
+                "Restored key has no PURPOSE authorization",
+            )
+        }
+
         primitive =
             when (purpose) {
-                KeyPurpose.SIGN -> Signer(keyPair!!, params)
-                KeyPurpose.VERIFY -> Verifier(keyPair!!, params)
+                KeyPurpose.SIGN -> {
+                    val kp = keyPair ?: throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                        KeystoreErrorCodes.invalidArgument,
+                        "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] SIGN requested but keyPair is null",
+                    )
+                    Signer(kp, params)
+                }
+                KeyPurpose.VERIFY -> {
+                    val kp = keyPair ?: throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                        KeystoreErrorCodes.invalidArgument,
+                        "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] VERIFY requested but keyPair is null",
+                    )
+                    Verifier(kp, params)
+                }
                 KeyPurpose.ENCRYPT -> {
-                    val key: java.security.Key = secretKey ?: keyPair!!.public
+                    val key: java.security.Key = secretKey ?: keyPair?.public
+                        ?: throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                            KeystoreErrorCodes.unsupportedPurpose,
+                            "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] ENCRYPT requires either secretKey or keyPair.public",
+                        )
                     CipherPrimitive(key, params, Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE)
                 }
                 KeyPurpose.DECRYPT -> {
-                    val key: java.security.Key = secretKey ?: keyPair!!.private
+                    val key: java.security.Key = secretKey ?: keyPair?.private
+                        ?: throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                            KeystoreErrorCodes.unsupportedPurpose,
+                            "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] DECRYPT requires either secretKey or keyPair.private",
+                        )
                     CipherPrimitive(key, params, Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE)
                 }
-                KeyPurpose.AGREE_KEY -> KeyAgreementPrimitive(keyPair!!)
+                KeyPurpose.AGREE_KEY -> {
+                    val kp = keyPair ?: throw ServiceSpecificException(
+                        KeystoreErrorCodes.invalidArgument,
+                        "[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] AGREE_KEY requested but keyPair is null",
+                    )
+                    KeyAgreementPrimitive(kp)
+                }
                 else ->
                     throw ServiceSpecificException(
                         KeystoreErrorCodes.unsupportedPurpose,
@@ -254,10 +301,18 @@ class SoftwareOperation(
     }
 
     fun updateAad(aadInput: ByteArray?) {
-        SystemLogger.debug("[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] updateAad() inputSize=${aadInput?.size ?: 0}")
+        SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] updateAad() ENTRY inputSize=${aadInput?.size ?: 0} primitive=${primitive::class.simpleName}")
         checkActive()
         checkInputLength(aadInput)
+        try {
             primitive.updateAad(aadInput)
+            SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] updateAad() RETURNED_NORMALLY (unexpected for non-AEAD)")
+        } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
+            val top = throwable.stackTrace.firstOrNull()?.toString() ?: "<no-frame>"
+            val code = (throwable as? ServiceSpecificException)?.errorCode
+            SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOp TX_ID: $txId] updateAad() THREW class=${throwable::class.java.name} code=$code msg=${throwable.message} top=$top")
+            throw throwable
+        }
     }
 
     fun update(data: ByteArray?): ByteArray? {
@@ -387,7 +442,15 @@ class SoftwareOperationBinder(private val operation: SoftwareOperation) :
 
     @Synchronized
     override fun updateAad(aadInput: ByteArray?) {
+        SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOpBinder] updateAad() ENTRY callingUid=${android.os.Binder.getCallingUid()} size=${aadInput?.size ?: 0}")
+        try {
             operation.updateAad(aadInput)
+            SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOpBinder] updateAad() RETURNED_NORMALLY")
+        } catch (throwable: Throwable) {
+            val code = (throwable as? ServiceSpecificException)?.errorCode
+            SystemLogger.info("[SoftwareOpBinder] updateAad() PROPAGATING class=${throwable::class.java.name} code=$code msg=${throwable.message}")
+            throw throwable
+        }
     }
 
     @Synchronized

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/pki/CertificateGenerator.kt

@@ -101,18 +101,19 @@ object CertificateGenerator {
 
                 val keybox = getKeyboxForAlgorithm(uid, params.algorithm)
 
-                val (signingKey, issuer) =
+                val attestKeyInfo =
                     if (attestKeyAlias != null && Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
-                        getAttestationKeyInfo(uid, attestKeyAlias)?.let { it.first to it.second }
+                        getAttestationKeyInfo(uid, attestKeyAlias)
+                    } else null
+
+                val (signingKey, issuer) = attestKeyInfo
+                    ?.let { it.first to it.second }
                     ?: (keybox.keyPair to getIssuerFromKeybox(keybox))
-                    } else {
-                        keybox.keyPair to getIssuerFromKeybox(keybox)
-                    }
 
                 val leafCert =
                     buildCertificate(subjectKeyPair, signingKey, issuer, params, uid, securityLevel)
 
-                if (attestKeyAlias != null) {
+                if (attestKeyInfo != null) {
                     listOf(leafCert)
                 } else {
                     listOf(leafCert) + keybox.certificates

app/src/main/java/org/matrix/TEESimulator/util/AndroidDeviceUtils.kt

@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 package org.matrix.TEESimulator.util
 
-import android.hardware.security.keymint.SecurityLevel
 import android.os.Build
 import android.os.SystemProperties
 import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
@@ -164,6 +163,24 @@ object AndroidDeviceUtils {
         }
     }
 
+    internal fun setProperty(name: String, value: String) {
+        try {
+            SystemLogger.debug("Setting system property '$name' to: $value")
+            val command = arrayOf("resetprop", name, value)
+            val process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(command)
+            val exitCode = process.waitFor()
+
+            if (exitCode != 0) {
+                val errorOutput = process.errorStream.bufferedReader().readText()
+                SystemLogger.error(
+                    "resetprop for '$name' failed with exit code $exitCode: $errorOutput"
+                )
+            }
+        } catch (e: Exception) {
+            SystemLogger.error("Failed to set '$name' property via resetprop.", e)
+        }
+    }
+
     private fun generateRandomBytes(size: Int): ByteArray =
         ByteArray(size).also { ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextBytes(it) }
 
@@ -328,7 +345,9 @@ object AndroidDeviceUtils {
                 6 -> { // YYYYMM
                     val year = normalized.substring(0, 4).toInt()
                     val month = normalized.substring(4, 6).toInt()
-                    if (isLong) year * 10000 + month * 100 + 1 else year * 100 + month
+                    // Synthesizing day=01 from YYYY-MM disagrees with real device bulletins;
+                    // propagate null so callers fall back to a YYYY-MM-DD source.
+                    if (isLong) null else year * 100 + month
                 }
                 else -> null
             }
@@ -376,17 +395,15 @@ object AndroidDeviceUtils {
         )
 
     /**
-     * Retrieves the attestation version based on security level and OS version. StrongBox (level 2)
-     * requires version 300.
+     * Retrieves the attestation version for the given security level. The value follows the device
+     * OS: cached attestation data wins, then attestVersionMap[SDK_INT], then 400 as last resort.
+     * A static StrongBox=300 floor would force a major-version mismatch with the TEE chain on
+     * Android 16 devices that report keymaster 400 across both security levels.
      *
      * @param securityLevel The security level of the attestation (1 for TEE, 2 for StrongBox).
      * @return The appropriate attestation version number.
      */
     fun getAttestVersion(securityLevel: Int): Int {
-        // StrongBox security level requires an attestation version of at least 300.
-        if (securityLevel == SecurityLevel.STRONGBOX) {
-            return 300
-        }
         val cached = DeviceAttestationService.CachedAttestationData?.attestVersion
         val version = cached
             ?: attestVersionMap[Build.VERSION.SDK_INT]

module/action.sh

@@ -2,10 +2,45 @@
 MODDIR=${0%/*}
 CONFIG_DIR=/data/adb/tricky_store
 
+. "$MODDIR/action_i18n.sh"
+
+echo "  ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+echo "  ⚠️  $(_msg confirm_header)"
+echo "  ━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━"
+echo " "
+echo "  $(_msg confirm_warning_1)"
+echo "  $(_msg confirm_warning_2)"
+echo " "
+echo "  🔊  $(_msg confirm_vol_up)"
+echo "  🔉  $(_msg confirm_vol_down)"
+echo " "
+
+confirm() {
+    # Sample getevent in 1s bursts; a piped stream block-buffers and misses
+    # a single key-press before the timeout.
+    deadline=$(( $(date +%s) + 10 ))
+    while [ "$(date +%s)" -lt "$deadline" ]; do
+        events=$(/system/bin/timeout 1 /system/bin/getevent -l 2>/dev/null)
+        case "$events" in
+            *KEY_VOLUMEUP*)   return 0 ;;
+            *KEY_VOLUMEDOWN*) return 1 ;;
+        esac
+    done
+    return 1
+}
+
+if ! confirm; then
+    echo " "
+    echo "  ❌ $(_msg confirm_cancelled)"
+    exit 0
+fi
+
 if [ -d "$CONFIG_DIR/persistent_keys" ]; then
     rm -rf "$CONFIG_DIR/persistent_keys"
     mkdir -p "$CONFIG_DIR/persistent_keys"
-    echo "Persistent key storage cleared"
+    echo " "
+    echo "  ✅ $(_msg confirm_cleared)"
 else
-    echo "No persistent key storage found"
+    echo " "
+    echo "  ℹ️  $(_msg confirm_not_found)"
 fi

module/action_i18n.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+ACTION_LANG="en"
+_detect_lang() {
+    local raw
+    raw=$(getprop persist.sys.locale 2>/dev/null)
+    [ -z "$raw" ] && raw=$(getprop ro.product.locale 2>/dev/null)
+    [ -z "$raw" ] && raw=$(getprop ro.system.locale 2>/dev/null)
+    local code=$(printf '%s' "$raw" | sed 's/_/-/g')
+    case "$code" in
+        zh-Hans*|zh-CN*) code="zh-CN" ;;
+        zh-Hant*|zh-TW*|zh-HK*) code="zh-TW" ;;
+        pt-BR*) code="pt-BR" ;;
+        pt*) code="pt-BR" ;;
+        es-ES*|es*) code="es-ES" ;;
+        *-*) code="${code%%-*}" ;;
+    esac
+    case "$code" in
+        ar|az|bn|de|el|es-ES|fa|fr|id|it|ja|ko|pl|pt-BR|ru|th|tl|tr|uk|vi|zh-CN|zh-TW) ACTION_LANG="$code" ;;
+    esac
+}
+_detect_lang
+
+_msg() {
+    case "$ACTION_LANG" in
+    zh-CN) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "清除持久化密钥存储" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "这将删除所有缓存的证明密钥。" ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "使用证明的应用将在下次使用时重新注册。" ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "音量+ = 确认清除" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "音量- = 取消（10秒后默认）" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "已取消 - 密钥已保留" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "持久化密钥存储已清除" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "未找到持久化密钥存储" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    zh-TW) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "清除持久化金鑰儲存" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "這將刪除所有快取的證明金鑰。" ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "使用證明的應用程式將在下次使用時重新註冊。" ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "音量+ = 確認清除" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "音量- = 取消（10秒後預設）" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "已取消 - 金鑰已保留" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "持久化金鑰儲存已清除" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "未找到持久化金鑰儲存" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    ja) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "永続キーストレージを消去" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "キャッシュされた証明キーをすべて削除します。" ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "証明を使用するアプリは次回使用時に再登録されます。" ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "音量+ = 消去を確認" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "音量- = キャンセル（10秒後デフォルト）" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "キャンセルされました - キーは保持されます" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "永続キーストレージを消去しました" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "永続キーストレージが見つかりません" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    ko) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "영구 키 저장소 지우기" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "캐시된 모든 증명 키를 삭제합니다." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "증명을 사용하는 앱은 다음 사용 시 재등록됩니다." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "볼륨+ = 지우기 확인" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "볼륨- = 취소 (10초 후 기본값)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "취소됨 - 키 유지됨" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "영구 키 저장소가 지워졌습니다" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "영구 키 저장소를 찾을 수 없습니다" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    ru) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Очистить постоянное хранилище ключей" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Это удалит все кэшированные ключи аттестации." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Приложения, использующие аттестацию, перерегистрируются при следующем использовании." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Громкость+ = Подтвердить очистку" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Громкость- = Отмена (по умолчанию через 10с)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Отменено - ключи сохранены" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Постоянное хранилище ключей очищено" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Постоянное хранилище ключей не найдено" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    de) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Persistenten Schlüsselspeicher löschen" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Dies löscht alle zwischengespeicherten Attestierungsschlüssel." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Apps mit Attestierung registrieren sich bei der nächsten Nutzung neu." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Laut+ = Löschen bestätigen" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Leise- = Abbrechen (Standard nach 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Abgebrochen - Schlüssel beibehalten" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Persistenter Schlüsselspeicher gelöscht" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Kein persistenter Schlüsselspeicher gefunden" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    fr) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Effacer le stockage de clés persistant" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Ceci supprime toutes les clés d'attestation en cache." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Les apps utilisant l'attestation se réinscriront à la prochaine utilisation." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Confirmer l'effacement" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Annuler (par défaut après 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Annulé - clés conservées" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Stockage de clés persistant effacé" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Aucun stockage de clés persistant trouvé" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    es-ES) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Borrar almacenamiento persistente de claves" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Esto elimina todas las claves de atestación en caché." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Las apps que usan atestación se volverán a registrar en el próximo uso." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Confirmar borrado" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Cancelar (predeterminado tras 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Cancelado - claves conservadas" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Almacenamiento persistente de claves borrado" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "No se encontró almacenamiento persistente de claves" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    pt-BR) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Limpar armazenamento persistente de chaves" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Isso exclui todas as chaves de atestação em cache." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Apps que usam atestação serão re-registrados no próximo uso." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Confirmar limpeza" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Cancelar (padrão após 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Cancelado - chaves preservadas" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Armazenamento persistente de chaves limpo" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Nenhum armazenamento persistente de chaves encontrado" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    it) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Cancella archivio chiavi persistente" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Questo elimina tutte le chiavi di attestazione in cache." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Le app che usano l'attestazione si re-registreranno al prossimo utilizzo." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Conferma cancellazione" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Annulla (predefinito dopo 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Annullato - chiavi conservate" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Archivio chiavi persistente cancellato" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Nessun archivio chiavi persistente trovato" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    tr) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Kalıcı Anahtar Deposunu Temizle" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Bu, önbelleğe alınmış tüm doğrulama anahtarlarını siler." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Doğrulama kullanan uygulamalar bir sonraki kullanımda yeniden kaydolacak." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Ses+ = Temizlemeyi onayla" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Ses- = İptal (10sn sonra varsayılan)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "İptal edildi - anahtarlar korundu" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Kalıcı anahtar deposu temizlendi" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Kalıcı anahtar deposu bulunamadı" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    id) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Hapus Penyimpanan Kunci Persisten" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Ini menghapus semua kunci atestasi yang di-cache." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Aplikasi yang menggunakan atestasi akan mendaftar ulang saat digunakan." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Konfirmasi hapus" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Batal (default setelah 10 detik)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Dibatalkan - kunci dipertahankan" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Penyimpanan kunci persisten dihapus" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Penyimpanan kunci persisten tidak ditemukan" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    vi) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Xóa lưu trữ khóa cố định" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Thao tác này xóa tất cả khóa chứng thực được lưu cache." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Các ứng dụng dùng chứng thực sẽ đăng ký lại khi sử dụng tiếp theo." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Xác nhận xóa" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Hủy (mặc định sau 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Đã hủy - giữ nguyên khóa" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Đã xóa lưu trữ khóa cố định" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Không tìm thấy lưu trữ khóa cố định" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    ar) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "مسح تخزين المفاتيح الدائم" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "يؤدي هذا إلى حذف جميع مفاتيح التصديق المخزنة مؤقتاً." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "التطبيقات التي تستخدم التصديق ستعيد التسجيل في الاستخدام التالي." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "رفع الصوت = تأكيد المسح" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "خفض الصوت = إلغاء (افتراضي بعد 10 ثوانٍ)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "تم الإلغاء - تم الاحتفاظ بالمفاتيح" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "تم مسح تخزين المفاتيح الدائم" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "لم يتم العثور على تخزين مفاتيح دائم" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    th) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "ล้างที่จัดเก็บคีย์ถาวร" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "การดำเนินการนี้จะลบคีย์การรับรองที่แคชไว้ทั้งหมด" ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "แอปที่ใช้การรับรองจะลงทะเบียนใหม่ในการใช้งานครั้งถัดไป" ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "เพิ่มเสียง = ยืนยันการล้าง" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "ลดเสียง = ยกเลิก (ค่าเริ่มต้นหลัง 10 วินาที)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "ยกเลิกแล้ว - คีย์ยังคงอยู่" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "ล้างที่จัดเก็บคีย์ถาวรแล้ว" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "ไม่พบที่จัดเก็บคีย์ถาวร" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    uk) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Очистити постійне сховище ключів" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Це видаляє всі кешовані ключі атестації." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Програми, що використовують атестацію, повторно зареєструються при наступному використанні." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Гучність+ = Підтвердити очищення" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Гучність- = Скасувати (за замовчуванням через 10с)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Скасовано - ключі збережено" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Постійне сховище ключів очищено" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Постійне сховище ключів не знайдено" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    pl) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Wyczyść trwały magazyn kluczy" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "To usuwa wszystkie buforowane klucze atestacji." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Aplikacje używające atestacji zarejestrują się ponownie przy następnym użyciu." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Głośność+ = Potwierdź czyszczenie" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Głośność- = Anuluj (domyślnie po 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Anulowano - klucze zachowane" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Trwały magazyn kluczy wyczyszczony" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Nie znaleziono trwałego magazynu kluczy" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    az) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Davamlı Açar Yaddaşını Təmizlə" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Bu, keşlənmiş bütün təsdiqləmə açarlarını silir." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Təsdiqləmədən istifadə edən tətbiqlər növbəti istifadədə yenidən qeydiyyatdan keçəcək." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Səs+ = Təmizləməni təsdiqlə" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Səs- = Ləğv et (10 saniyə sonra defolt)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Ləğv edildi - açarlar saxlanıldı" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Davamlı açar yaddaşı təmizləndi" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Davamlı açar yaddaşı tapılmadı" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    bn) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "স্থায়ী কী সংরক্ষণ পরিষ্কার করুন" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "এটি সমস্ত ক্যাশড অ্যাটেস্টেশন কী মুছে ফেলে।" ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "অ্যাটেস্টেশন ব্যবহারকারী অ্যাপগুলি পরবর্তী ব্যবহারে পুনরায় নিবন্ধন করবে।" ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "ভলিউম+ = পরিষ্কার নিশ্চিত করুন" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "ভলিউম- = বাতিল (১০ সেকেন্ডে ডিফল্ট)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "বাতিল করা হয়েছে - কী সংরক্ষিত" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "স্থায়ী কী সংরক্ষণ পরিষ্কার করা হয়েছে" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "কোনো স্থায়ী কী সংরক্ষণ পাওয়া যায়নি" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    el) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Εκκαθάριση Μόνιμου Αποθηκευτικού Χώρου Κλειδιών" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Διαγράφει όλα τα προσωρινά αποθηκευμένα κλειδιά πιστοποίησης." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Οι εφαρμογές που χρησιμοποιούν πιστοποίηση θα επανεγγραφούν στην επόμενη χρήση." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Ένταση+ = Επιβεβαίωση εκκαθάρισης" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Ένταση- = Ακύρωση (προεπιλογή μετά από 10 δευτ)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Ακυρώθηκε - τα κλειδιά διατηρήθηκαν" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Ο μόνιμος αποθηκευτικός χώρος κλειδιών εκκαθαρίστηκε" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Δεν βρέθηκε μόνιμος αποθηκευτικός χώρος κλειδιών" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    fa) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "پاک کردن ذخیره‌سازی دائمی کلید" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "این کار همه کلیدهای تأیید کش‌شده را حذف می‌کند." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "برنامه‌های استفاده‌کننده از تأیید در استفاده بعدی دوباره ثبت‌نام می‌کنند." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "صدا+ = تأیید پاک کردن" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "صدا- = لغو (پیش‌فرض پس از ۱۰ ثانیه)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "لغو شد - کلیدها حفظ شدند" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "ذخیره‌سازی دائمی کلید پاک شد" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "ذخیره‌سازی دائمی کلید یافت نشد" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    tl) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Burahin ang Persistent Key Storage" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "Buburahin nito ang lahat ng naka-cache na attestation keys." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Magre-rehistro muli ang mga app na gumagamit ng attestation sa susunod na paggamit." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+ = Kumpirmahin ang pagbura" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol- = Kanselahin (default pagkatapos ng 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Nakansela - napanatili ang mga key" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Nabura ang persistent key storage" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "Walang nahanap na persistent key storage" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    *) case "$1" in
+        confirm_header)     echo "Clear Persistent Key Storage" ;;
+        confirm_warning_1)  echo "This deletes all cached attestation keys." ;;
+        confirm_warning_2)  echo "Apps using attestation will re-enroll on next use." ;;
+        confirm_vol_up)     echo "Vol+  = Confirm clear" ;;
+        confirm_vol_down)   echo "Vol-  = Cancel (default after 10s)" ;;
+        confirm_cancelled)  echo "Cancelled - keys preserved" ;;
+        confirm_cleared)    echo "Persistent key storage cleared" ;;
+        confirm_not_found)  echo "No persistent key storage found" ;;
+    esac ;;
+    esac
+}

module/changelog.md

@@ -1,3 +1,111 @@
+## TEESimulator-RS v6.0.1-251
+
+14 commits since v6.0.0-235. Clears the remaining Duck Detector grant-domain rows (incl. the Android 16 OnePlus report), restores Google Wallet and fingerprint compatibility, and removes the in-module patch-level/bulletin resolvers. Test device (SDK 35) TEE tamper score 28 → 8.
+
+### Detection coverage
+- Grant plane virtualized: owner read and cross-app `Domain.GRANT` read return one identical chain. 6 RED rows cleared. (28 → 18)
+- Generate-mode fingerprint: dropped 2 surplus authorizations (both patchlevels), USER_ID moved to SOFTWARE to mirror a captured device. (18 → 8)
+- Android 16 grant: patch-mode keys now served on the grant plane, so owner and grant reads match — fixes CHAIN_SPLIT.
+- Grant gated to SDK ≥ 36: Android 15 answers PERMISSION_DENIED, no synthetic over-capability.
+- Stale-chain eviction: import and updateSubcomponent drop the cached attestation; no pre-mutation chain replays.
+- Lifecycle coherence: clearNamespace / deleteAllKeys / migrateKeyNamespace mirror synthetic key and grant state — defeats delete-then-read probes.
+- Device-ID attestation mirrors the real TEE: returns CANNOT_ATTEST_IDS where silicon can't attest, instead of forging it.
+
+### App compatibility
+- Google Wallet: INCLUDE_UNIQUE_ID stripped (not rejected) when the caller lacks the permission; card binding works. (PR #27)
+- Fingerprint / vendor keys: KEY_ID miss skips the post-handler, so real HAL operations are no longer wrapped and broken. (PR #26)
+
+### Removed
+- PatchLevelManager — auto-resolved the security-patch date from an installed PlayIntegrityFix module (with hot-reload) and applied it to props.
+- BulletinPoller — scheduled security-bulletin refresh.
+
+### Other
+- Release builds purge stale `teesim-*.bin` diagnostics from `/data/local/tmp` at boot.
+- Vol-key confirmation rewritten to 1s `getevent` bursts (piped stream missed single presses on Magisk).
+
+### Verified
+- SDK 35, Xiaomi 23106RN0DA: tamper 28 → 8; generate-mode signal gone; 4 grant rows UNAVAILABLE (correct for Android 15); no regressions.
+- Android 16 grant fix built but unconfirmed on SDK 36 — needs an affected OnePlus user to confirm the grant rows clear.
+
+---
+
+## TEESimulator-RS v6.0.0-235
+
+11 commits since v6.0.0-224. Duck Detector generate-mode fingerprint cleared. Shizuku-routed BYO attestation fixed. Vol-key confirmation restored on Magisk.
+
+### Detection Coverage
+- Duck Detector "TEE Simulator generate-mode fingerprint" cleared. `toAuthorizations` reordered to AOSP keymint reference order; KEY_SIZE moves from auth#4 to auth#2, breaking the byte-224 anchor the probe relied on. 0/31 matches on fresh self-probes (was 15/36).
+- `persist.logd.size` variants blanked at boot via `service.sh`. Removes a logd-tuning side-channel.
+
+### BYO & Shizuku Routing
+- Shizuku-routed BYO attestation no longer fails with `-49 UNSUPPORTED_TAG`. `shouldSkipUid` moved into `handleGenerateKey`, evaluated after BYO parameters are parsed.
+- `createOperation` parallel fix: outer UID gate removed; the cache-or-forward lookup is the sole gate. BYO keys created under Shizuku UID can now be used for signing under the same UID.
+- `forceGenerate` simplified: any attest-key or BYO request routes to software unconditionally.
+- BYO attest-key miss returns the full keybox chain instead of a malformed depth-1 chain.
+- AUTO TEE race dispatch removed. Resolution uses `DeviceAttestationService.isTeeFunctional` only.
+- Symmetric gen rejects `attestationKey != null` early with `INVALID_ARGUMENT`. Unsupported-algorithm branch returns `-38` instead of `-49`.
+
+### Action Button
+- Vol+ / Vol- confirmation restored on Magisk. Streaming `getevent -lq` matched inline against `KEY_VOLUMEUP DOWN` / `KEY_VOLUMEDOWN DOWN`, wrapped in `/system/bin/timeout 10`. The prior polled approach timed out on six-events-per-keypress kernels.
+
+### Verified
+- Android 15 (SDK 35), daemon PID 1466.
+- Cross-device confirmation pending on OnePlus PKX110 and Samsung SM-S928B.
+
+---
+
+## TEESimulator-RS v6.0.0-224
+
+59 commits since v6.0.0-162. Self-sufficient spoofing infrastructure, Duck Detector TamperScore-4 cleared on Xiaomi A16, persistent symmetric key storage (PR #22), 22-language action button hardening.
+
+### Detection Coverage
+- Duck Detector TimingSideChannelProbe cleared on Xiaomi A16 (SDK 35). Timing ratio dropped 1.555x to 1.055x, verdict WARNING to CLEAR. Threshold is > 1.1x.
+- `KEY_ID` resolved from `teeResponses` instead of synthesized, matching real KeyMint binder behavior.
+- Non-attested key cache mirrors attested path for byte-level metadata parity.
+- `KEY_SIZE` emitted for EC keys; omitted when `ecCurve` is present, matching AOSP attestation_record.h.
+- SSE messages synthesized canonically on non-AEAD `updateAad`; passthrough shape normalized.
+- StrongBox attest version no longer hardcoded; resolved from device context.
+- TEE op latency floor enforced to defeat micro-timing probes.
+- Attest key resolution restored to nspace-aware lookup after revert/restore cycle.
+
+### Self-Sufficient Spoofing
+- `PatchLevelManager` resolves OS/VENDOR/BOOT patch levels via PIF without external bulletin fetch.
+- `BulletinPoller` refreshes bulletin data on a schedule, isolated from boot path via umbrella `try/catch`.
+- Bootloader-lock props pushed via `resetprop` at boot; absent vbmeta complement props filled; `vbmeta.device_state` included.
+- PIF hot-reload via `FileObserver`; empty source files skipped; future patch dates bounded by `MAX_FUTURE_DAYS`.
+- Default `security_patch.txt` dropped at install time.
+- `sepolicy.rule` allows UDP egress for DNS resolution.
+
+### Key Persistence (PR #22)
+- Symmetric keys persist across reboots with byte-identical metadata.
+- Keybox edits no longer wipe stored keys.
+- Delete marker dropped on key regeneration to prevent stale state.
+- Defensive symmetric fallback path with clean error codes.
+
+### Reliability
+- `atomicWrite` preserves `[pkg]` sections; errors guarded in `updateTo`.
+- `applyToProps` serialized against concurrent callers.
+- `pollOnce` wrapped in umbrella `try/catch`; `BulletinPoller.start` failure isolated from spoofer init.
+- Spoofer ordering fixed: runs before keystore hook to prevent attest-time prop drift.
+- `isAutoMode` reads raw package mode; `system=prop` passive default respected.
+- `mergedContents` propagates read errors instead of swallowing them.
+- Date regex validation on `currentPatch`; YYYY-MM input skips day synthesis.
+- Global key-assignment check requires `=` delimiter (no more partial matches).
+- `validation_rejected` status emitted on invalid spoof input.
+
+### Action Button UX
+- Vol+ required to clear `persistent_keys`. Vol- cancels. 10-second timeout defaults to cancel.
+- Confirmation localized in 22 languages: ar, az, bn, de, el, es-ES, fa, fr, id, it, ja, ko, pl, pt-BR, ru, th, tl, tr, uk, vi, zh-CN, zh-TW.
+- Every echoed string resolves through `_msg()` against device locale.
+
+### Build & Ops
+- Kotlin `jvmTarget` raised to JVM 21.
+- Gradle auto-rewrites `module/update.json` on packaging.
+- `scripts/package.sh` locates user-local cargo; rust task receives cargo bin path.
+- Verified on Xiaomi Android 16 (SDK 35) `v6.0.0-224-Release`. Daemon alive PID 1392. Pending cross-device confirm on OnePlus PKX110 (qcom sun) and Samsung SM-S928B (pineapple).
+
+---
+
 ## TEESimulator-RS v6.0.0
 
 Repository consolidation release. All tee-rebuild work merged as the new main branch.

module/customize.sh

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ install_file() {
 
 # --- Installation ---
 ui_print "- Extracting module files"
-for file in customize.sh module.prop service.sh sepolicy.rule daemon action.sh uninstall.sh; do
+for file in customize.sh module.prop service.sh sepolicy.rule daemon action.sh action_i18n.sh uninstall.sh; do
   install_file "$file" "$MODPATH"
 done
 
@@ -92,6 +92,17 @@ if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_DIR/target.txt" ]; then
   install_file "target.txt" "$CONFIG_DIR"
 fi
 
+if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_DIR/security_patch.txt" ]; then
+  ui_print "- Adding default security patch config (mirror device props)"
+  printf '%s\n' \
+    '# TEESimulator default: mirror live device props.' \
+    '# system=prop reads ro.build.version.security_patch at cert-gen time;' \
+    '# boot and vendor are auto-forced to prop too (ConfigurationManager.kt:253-256).' \
+    '# Override with explicit YYYY-MM-DD dates if you want active spoofing.' \
+    'system=prop' > "$CONFIG_DIR/security_patch.txt"
+  chmod 644 "$CONFIG_DIR/security_patch.txt"
+fi
+
 rm -f "$CONFIG_DIR/tee_status.txt"
 
 if [ ! -f "$CONFIG_DIR/hbk" ]; then

module/sepolicy.rule

@@ -1,2 +1,16 @@
 allow keystore {adb_data_file shell_data_file} file *
 allow crash_dump keystore process *
+
+allow ksu self:tcp_socket { create connect read write getopt setopt }
+allow ksu node:tcp_socket node_bind
+allow ksu port:tcp_socket name_connect
+allow magisk self:tcp_socket { create connect read write getopt setopt }
+allow magisk node:tcp_socket node_bind
+allow magisk port:tcp_socket name_connect
+
+allow ksu self:udp_socket { create connect read write getopt setopt }
+allow ksu node:udp_socket node_bind
+allow ksu port:udp_socket name_connect
+allow magisk self:udp_socket { create connect read write getopt setopt }
+allow magisk node:udp_socket node_bind
+allow magisk port:udp_socket name_connect

module/service.sh

@@ -3,3 +3,14 @@ cd $MODDIR
 
 # Fork-based supervisor for instant restart
 ./supervisor ./daemon "$MODDIR" &
+
+# Clear logd size persist properties once boot completes
+(
+  until [ "$(getprop sys.boot_completed)" = "1" ]; do
+    sleep 1
+  done
+  setprop persist.logd.size ""
+  setprop persist.logd.size.crash ""
+  setprop persist.logd.size.system ""
+  setprop persist.logd.size.main ""
+) &

module/uninstall.sh

@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@ done
 rm -rf "$CONFIG_DIR/persistent_keys"
 rm -f "$CONFIG_DIR/tee_status.txt"
 rm -f "$CONFIG_DIR/boot_hash.bin" "$CONFIG_DIR/boot_key.bin"
+rm -f "$CONFIG_DIR/security_patch.txt" "$CONFIG_DIR/security_patch.txt.next" "$CONFIG_DIR/last_bulletin_fetch.json"

module/update.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
-	"version": "v6.0.0",
-	"versionCode": 155,
-	"zipUrl": "https://github.com/Enginex0/TEESimulator-RS/releases/latest/download/TEESimulator-RS-Release.zip",
+  "version": "v6.0.1-251",
+  "versionCode": 251,
+  "zipUrl": "https://github.com/Enginex0/TEESimulator-RS/releases/download/v6.0.1-251/TEESimulator-RS-v6.0.1-251-Release.zip",
   "changelog": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Enginex0/TEESimulator-RS/main/module/changelog.md"
 }

scripts/package.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@
 #   ./scripts/package.sh --rust --release             # build Rust crate first, then release
 set -euo pipefail
 
+# Gradle's buildRustCertgen resolves `cargo` against the daemon's inherited PATH,
+# not the env we inject via gradle's Exec.environment(). Prepend the per-user
+# rustup install so non-login shells (CI, IDE-launched terminals, fresh tmux)
+# still find it without sourcing /etc/profile.d/cargo-path.sh.
+[ -d "$HOME/.cargo/bin" ] && PATH="$HOME/.cargo/bin:$PATH"
+
 SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)"
 PROJECT_ROOT="$(cd "$SCRIPT_DIR/.." && pwd)"
 OUT_DIR="$PROJECT_ROOT/out"

stub/src/main/java/android/security/maintenance/IKeystoreMaintenance.java

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+package android.security.maintenance;
+
+import android.os.IBinder;
+
+/**
+ * Compile-time stub for the hidden keystore2 maintenance binder
+ * ({@code android.security.maintenance.IKeystoreMaintenance}).
+ *
+ * <p>This module is a {@code compileOnly} dependency, so the real framework class
+ * (which carries the actual {@code TRANSACTION_*} codes) is loaded at runtime. We
+ * only need the {@link #DESCRIPTOR} token to parse the transaction parcel and the
+ * inner {@code Stub} class so {@code getTransactCode} can reflect the real codes.
+ */
+public interface IKeystoreMaintenance {
+    String DESCRIPTOR = "android.security.maintenance.IKeystoreMaintenance";
+
+    class Stub {
+        public static IKeystoreMaintenance asInterface(IBinder b) {
+            throw new UnsupportedOperationException("STUB!");
+        }
+    }
+}